ArticlePloS one2025
The relationships between symptom severity post COVID-19, stress, social support and adaptation in patients with COVID-19 after discharge from the hospital.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveThis descriptive research aims to investigate the relationship between symptom severity of COVID-19, stress, social support, and adaptation in patients with COVID-19 after discharge from the hospital.
backgroundCOVID-19 is a respiratory infection with varying symptoms and severity, requiring tailored treatment based on individual needs. The virus spreads via respiratory secretions within 1-2 meters, requiring isolation to prevent transmission. Social distancing, work disruptions, and school closures cause psychological stress, disrupt routines, alter roles, and increase dependence on others. Roy's adaptation theory was employed as the conceptual framework to determine the relationship between perceived symptoms severity post-COVID-19, stress, social support, and the adaptation of COVID-19 patients after being discharged from the hospital.
methodsThe sample involved 150 patients with COVID-19 after discharged from the university hospital. Five instruments were employed to collect data, including 1) Personal and health information questionnaire, 2) Symptoms and perceived symptoms severity post COVID-19 assessment form, 3) Stress assessment form, 4) Social support assessment form, and 5) Four aspects of adaptation assessment form for COVID-19 patients The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman Rank Correlation coefficient.
resultsThe results showed that 81.30% of the sample reported post-COVID symptoms. The symptoms severity was perceived at a low level. The most frequently reported symptoms were coughing (72.00%), phlegm (69.30%), and fatigue (60.70%). The study revealed stress at an adaptive level and attained social support at a moderate level. The perception of symptom severity and stress had a statistically significant negative relation with to post-COVID adaptation (r = -.355, p < 0.01; r = -.413, p < 0.01, respectively, while social support had a statistically significant positive relation with post-COVID adaptation (r = .518, p < 0.01).
conclusionThe results demonstrated a significant relationship between selected factors and patient adaptation. These findings can inform strategies to manage symptoms and stress, while strengthening social support within discharge planning for patients recovering from COVID-19, thereby facilitating their post-discharge adaptation.
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