Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41182661›Full record

ArticleThe patient2026

How Important is Healthcare-Contact Time to Systemic Treatment Decision-Making in Advanced Gastrointestinal Cancers: Developing Attributes to Include in a Discrete Choice Experiment.

Samuel X Stevens, Ella El-Katateny, Isaac Yeboah Addo, Deborah Street, Christopher Booth, Joanne Shaw, Janette L Vardy, Richard De Abreu Lourenco

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In one paragraph

Article in The patient, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Samuel X StevensFaculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. samuel.stevens@sydney.edu.au.ORCID 0000-0002-8356-7541
Ella El-KatatenyFaculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Isaac Yeboah AddoFaculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Deborah StreetCentre for Health Economics Research and Evaluation, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Christopher BoothDepartments of Oncology and Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
Joanne ShawSchool of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Janette L Vardy *Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Richard De Abreu Lourenco *Centre for Health Economics Research and Evaluation, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Funding

National Health and Medical Research Council 2023/GNT2030939
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPeople receiving treatment for advanced cancer invest substantial portions of their survival time receiving healthcare, labelled the 'time toxicity' of treatment. Although qualitative research has examined the impact of time burden on patients and their caregivers, its influence on treatment decision-making is unclear.

objectiveOur objective was to explore treatment decision-making with patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer, their caregivers, and oncologists, and unmask the role of time burden in those decisions. The objective was to inform the design of a subsequent discrete-choice experiment (DCE) investigating the importance of time burden in treatment decision-making.

methodsA two-step process was used. Factors relevant to treatment decision-making were discussed as part of semi-structured interviews. Responses were analysed using thematic analysis with a focus on measurable themes relevant to the development of candidate attributes for a DCE. Second, we reviewed stated-preferences studies in the field of treatment decision-making in cancer and compared the results with the candidate attributes identified from interviews.

resultsInterviews with 45 participants (20 patients, 10 caregivers,15 gastrointestinal oncologists; 53% metropolitan) revealed 4 themes and 6 candidate attributes: expected survival benefit of treatment, impact of physical side effects, effect on day-to-day functioning, route of administration, healthcare contact days, and planned length of the treatment course. Review of 45 published studies yielded no additional attributes.

conclusionsThis study identified six candidate attributes for a forthcoming DCE on time burden in advanced cancer care. These findings support growing efforts to quantify and address time toxicity in cancer treatment decision-making.

Indexed as

Choice BehaviorDecision MakingGastrointestinal NeoplasmsAdultAgedCaregiversFemaleHumansInterviews as TopicMaleMiddle AgedPatient PreferenceQualitative ResearchTime Factors

Identifiers

PMID41182661
PMCPMC12935776

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.