Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41182555›Full record

ArticleInfection2026

Molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of group A Streptococcus isolated from children in Greece during 2023.

Elizabeth Barbara Tatsi, Charilaos Dellis, Maria Myrto Dourdouna, Aspasia Rizou, George Paradeisis, Foteini I Koutouzi, Theano Georgakopoulou, Angeliki Stathi, Anastassios Doudoulakakis, George Kalogeras and 3 more

Abstract read
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Article in Infection, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Elizabeth Barbara TatsiDepartment of Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases and Chemotherapy Research Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, 11527, Greece.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7325-6195
Charilaos DellisDepartment of Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases and Chemotherapy Research Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, 11527, Greece.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6195-0999
Maria Myrto DourdounaDepartment of Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases and Chemotherapy Research Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, 11527, Greece.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9470-8282
Aspasia RizouDepartment of Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases and Chemotherapy Research Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, 11527, Greece.
George ParadeisisMicrobiology Department, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, 11527, Greece.
Foteini I KoutouziDepartment of Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases and Chemotherapy Research Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, 11527, Greece.
Theano GeorgakopoulouDepartment for Vaccine Preventable Diseases and Congenital Diseases, National Public Health Organization (NPHO), Athens, 15123, Greece.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9559-7476
Angeliki StathiMicrobiology Department, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, 11527, Greece.
Anastassios DoudoulakakisMicrobiology Laboratory, "P. & A. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Athens, 11527, Greece.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5286-5896
George KalogerasMicrobiology Laboratory, "P. & A. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Athens, 11527, Greece.
Levantia ZachariadouMicrobiology Department, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, 11527, Greece.
Konstantina KontopoulouLaboratory of Microbiology, "G.Gennimatas" Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54635, Greece.
Athanasios MichosDepartment of Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases and Chemotherapy Research Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, 11527, Greece. amichos@med.uoa.gr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1745-1118

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis study aimed to describe the molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of invasive (iGAS) and non-invasive (non-iGAS) Group A Streptococcus (GAS) isolates collected from Greek children, including all the Greek fatal pediatric GAS infections, in 2023.

methodsGAS isolates were prospectively collected from children (0-16 years) with iGAS and non-iGAS infections from January to December 2023. Antimicrobial susceptibility was examined with the disk diffusion method and the MIC of resistant isolates was determined. Emm typing was performed in all isolates. Whole genome analysis was performed on emm1 GAS isolates collected from fatal cases.

resultsGAS isolates from 510 children, with median (IQR) age: 67.8 (46.1-96.0) months, were analyzed in the study. There were 30 (5.9%) iGAS cases, of which nine were fatal. All isolates were penicillin-susceptible, while the resistance rates to tetracycline, erythromycin, and clindamycin were 16.9%, 11.6% and 5.1%, respectively. The M, cMLSB and iMLSB phenotypes were found in 33/510 (6.5%), 22/510 (4.3%) and 4/510 (0.8%) isolates, respectively. Thirty-two emm types were detected, with the most prevalent being emm12 (41.0%), emm1 (26.9%) and emm89 (7.5%). Among the different emm types, emm1 was marginally associated with iGAS. The emm12 type was associated with resistance to clindamycin (p = 0.039). GAS isolates from the nine deceased children p-value were identified as emm1 (7/9), of which 6/7 belonged to M1

conclusionA predominance of emm12 and emm1 was detected in non-iGAS isolates and of emm1 in iGAS isolates, and specifically M1

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsStreptococcal InfectionsStreptococcus pyogenesAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolDrug Resistance, BacterialFemaleGreeceHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMaleMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMolecular EpidemiologyProspective StudiesAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntimicrobial resistance profileChildrenEmm typingInvasive diseaseStreptococcus pyogenes

Identifiers

PMID41182555
PMCPMC12864330

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.