Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41182386›Full record

ArticleIntensive care medicine2025

Mortality trends for sepsis and septic shock among critically ill adults in Australia and New Zealand.

Alexis P Poole, Anis Chaba, Rinaldo Bellomo, Michael Bailey, Adam Deane, Anthony Delaney, Glenn Eastwood, Kimberley Haines, Naomi Hammond, Tamishta Hensman and 13 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Intensive care medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Trajectories of sepsis survivors in Australia: A scoping review.Journal of the Intensive Care Society · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors.

Alexis P Poole *Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-3345-1356
Anis Chaba *Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Rinaldo BellomoAustralian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Michael BaileyAustralian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Adam DeaneDepartment of Critical Care, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Anthony DelaneyCritical Care Program, Faculty of Medicine, The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Glenn EastwoodAustralian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Kimberley HainesDepartment of Critical Care, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Naomi HammondCritical Care Program, Faculty of Medicine, The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Tamishta HensmanDepartment of Intensive Care, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.
Alisa HigginsAustralian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Daryl JonesAustralian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Zoe McQuiltenAustralian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Champ MendisAustralian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Ary Serpa NetoAustralian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
David PilcherAustralian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Manoj SaxenaCritical Care Program, Faculty of Medicine, The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Kiran ShekarAdult Intensive Care Services, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Kelly ThompsonCritical Care Program, Faculty of Medicine, The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Paul J YoungAustralian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Edward Litton *Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Centre for Outcome and Resource Evaluation, The Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS), Prahran, VIC, Australia.
Andrew A Udy *Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. Andrew.udy@monash.edu.
National Critical Care Research Platform Investigators (NCCR)

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeSepsis is a major cause of mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Significant temporal improvements in survival were observed in Australia and New Zealand (ANZ) from 2000 to 2012. Whether this has continued remains uncertain, and current sepsis-related mortality in ANZ ICUs is unknown.

methodsWe studied adult ICU patients admitted with sepsis (based on the 3rd international consensus definition for sepsis and septic shock), between January 2000 and June 2023. Data were obtained from 219 ICUs that contributed to the ANZ Intensive Care Society Adult Patient Database. We used logistic regression models to study changes in in-hospital mortality over time.

resultsAmong 2,975,149 ICU admissions, 303,389 patients had sepsis. In-hospital mortality was 28% in 2000, falling to 13% in 2023 (adjusted OR 0.48; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.43 to 0.54). Mortality decreased at a rate of 1.1% per year between 2000-2013, 0.3% per year between 2013-2020 (p < 0.001 for change in slope), and increased 0.9% per year between 2020-2023 (p < 0.001). A nadir of 11% was observed in 2020. Modelled linearly, in-hospital mortality decreased 4% per year from 2000 to 2020, independent of measurable confounding. Contemporary in-hospital mortality was 25% in those with septic shock, and 20% in those receiving invasive mechanical ventilation.

conclusionsIn-hospital mortality in adult ANZ ICU patients admitted with sepsis decreased significantly from 28% in 2000 to a nadir of 11% in 2020, independent of changes in case-mix. In-hospital mortality remains substantially higher with septic shock and in those receiving invasive mechanical ventilation.

Indexed as

Critical IllnessHospital MortalitySepsisShock, SepticAdultAgedAustraliaFemaleHumansIntensive Care UnitsLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedNew ZealandCritical illnessInfectious DiseasesIntensive Care UnitsSepsis

Identifiers

PMID41182386

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.