Comprehensive analysis of single-cell and bulk transcriptomes reveals key B-cell genes and immune microenvironment regulation in bladder cancer.

Background: Bladder cancer is a significant malignancy, for which prognostic prediction and understanding of the tumor immune microenvironment are crucial. B cells play a key regulatory role in this environment, making their study essential for advancing bladder cancer research. Methods: In this study, a multi-omics analysis strategy combining single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and bulk RNA-seq was used to establish single-cell transcriptome profiles of tumor tissues from bladder cancer patients, focusing on B-cell populations and their interactions with other cell types in the tumor microenvironment. Large public databases were used to screen for key prognostic genes associated with bladder cancer B cells, and their biomarker expression was verified by Results: Based on tumor samples from eight patients with bladder cancer and four normal samples, we selected 84, 967 cells for single-cell sequencing analysis. From these, we identified 10, 967 B cells and identified 508 key genes associated with B cells in bladder cancer from five different B cell subtypes. By integrating a large amount of RNA sequencing data, we identified Conclusions: Using a combination of transcriptomic and experimental validation at single-cell and batch levels, this study provides insights into the key gene signatures of B cells from patients with bladder cancer and their roles in regulating the tumor immune microenvironment, providing new biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for predicting patient' prognosis and immunotherapy response.