ArticleAnnals of medicine and surgery (2012)2025
Efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in Parkinson's disease: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Article in Annals of medicine and surgery (2012), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Background: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has emerged as a potential noninvasive treatment option for managing motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD). While numerous randomized controlled trials have evaluated its efficacy, the evidence remains inconsistent. This updated systematic review and meta-analysis aims to consolidate the available data to assess the effectiveness of rTMS in improving motor symptoms, cognitive function, and quality of life in patients with PD. Method: A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library, from their inception to December 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing rTMS with sham stimulation or other controls in patients with PD were included. The primary outcome was improved motor symptoms, as measured by the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) part III or MD-UPDRS-III. Data were pooled using a random effects model, and heterogeneity was assessed with the Results: A total of 20 RCTs, including 693 participants, met the inclusion criteria. rTMS was associated with significant improvements in UPDRS-III (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.53 [0.31, 0.74], Conclusion: This updated meta-analysis provides evidence that rTMS is a safe and effective intervention for improving motor symptoms and cognitive function in PD patients. However, its effects on mood and long-term outcomes require further investigation.
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