ArticleJSES reviews, reports, and techniques2025
Oxandrolone treatment prevents muscle atrophy and retraction after rotator cuff injury: an experimental study in rats.
Article in JSES reviews, reports, and techniques, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Chronic rotator cuff (RC) tear leads to muscle atrophy, fatty infiltration, and intercellular fibrosis of the torn muscle-tendon unit. Prevention of muscle degeneration appears desirable to allow further treatment options to be successful. Pharmacologic prevention of muscle changes incurred by chronic retraction has not been extensively investigated. This study aimed to determine the effect of preoperative oxandrolone treatment on preventing rotator muscle atrophy and retraction after RC tears and promoting RC healing after repair surgery. Methods: Old male CD Sprague Dawley IGS rats (1-1.5 years old) underwent a procedure where the tendons of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus were severed to simulate RC tears; 2 weeks after RC cut, animals received oral placebo or oxandrolone treatment for 2 weeks; 4 weeks after RC cut, RC was repaired by suturing the cut tendons to the humerus bone; after RC repair, the animals were followed up for 6 weeks. Changes in the supraspinatus and infraspinatus were captured by microcomputed tomography, followed by histologic analysis of myofiber size, fatty infiltration, and fibrosis. Results: There was no statistical difference between the placebo and oxandrolone groups in body weight, wet weight of muscle, muscle volumes, and fatty infiltration. The fibrosis fraction (%) of the supraspinatus belly was less in the oxandrolone treatment group and the healthy-control oxandrolone treatment group than in the placebo treatment group and the healthy-control placebo treatment group ( Conclusion: Two-week oxandrolone treatment prevents muscle retraction and muscle atrophy by reducing fibrosis and increasing muscle fiber cross-sectional area after RC tears.
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