ArticleACS omega2025
α‑Ketoglutaric Acid as a Sustainable and Universal Photoinitiator for Hydrogels.
Article in ACS omega, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- From metabolic node to smart building block: α-Ketoglutarate-empowered biomaterials for programmable cell fate.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- From Nature to Innovation: Exploring Natural Biopolymers in 3D Bioprinting for Bone Regeneration.ACS omega · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hydrogels have acquired numerous attentions in biomedicine and smart bioelectronics due to similar properties to our tissues. Initiators are crucial in vinyl polymerization for hydrogel preparation which can influence mechanical properties and physical/chemical structures. We report α-ketoglutaric acid (αKG), an intermediate in the citric acid cycle, as an ecofriendly photoinitiator for vinyl polymerization. We comprehensively investigated the mechanical properties of hydrogels initiated by comparing αKG with Irgacure 2959 (I-2959) and ammonium persulfate (APS). We found that αKG successfully initiated the polymerization in both synthetic and natural hydrogels (polyethylene glycol, polyacrylamide, gelatin, alginate, and chitosan). Meanwhile, the interactions between αKG and functional groups of macromolecules make αKG a potential additive in hydrogels, which could influence the hydrogel mechanics. In contrast to the potential toxicity of unreacted APS and the limited water solubility of I-2959, αKG proves to be a more versatile and sustainable option in gelation than the other two. This work throws new light on hydrogel fabrication with the initiator alteration for potential biomedical applications.
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Registered trials
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