ArticleACS omega2025
Comparative Study of UVA Filtering Compounds 2‑Methyl/2-Amino Pyrimidine Derivatives of Avobenzone under Acidic Conditions.
Article in ACS omega, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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9 authors.
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Abstract
This study presents a comparative investigation of two avobenzone derivatives, 2-methyl pyrimidine (2-MPDA) and 2-amino pyrimidine (2-APDA), focusing on their ultraviolet A (UVA) filtering activity under acidic conditions. Both compounds structurally mimic the locked enol form of avobenzone and display pH-dependent spectral properties, including enhanced UVA absorption and intense visible fluorescence in acidic media. Photodegradation behavior was assessed using UV spectroscopy under sunlight exposure, revealing that 2-MPDA remains photostable, while 2-APDA undergoes degradation. Upon acidification, both derivatives exhibit photodegradation, with 2-MPDA degrading less and 2-APDA more than avobenzone under identical sunlight conditions. Time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations of the UV spectra for potential protonated species, corroborated by experimental data, confirmed the formation of singly protonated 2-MPDA and 2-APDA in acidic media. To address limitations of conventional
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