Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41177840›Full record

ArticleNature chemistry2025

Discovery of highly fluorescent covalent organic frameworks through AI-assisted iterative experiment-learning cycles.

Liang Zhang, Jiahui Du, Zikai Xie, Linjiang Chen, Wenlang Li, Weihang Geng, Yi Zhou, Xinwen Ou, Chengtao Gong, Yijun Gao and 11 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Nature chemistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Liang Zhang *Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular, Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Jiahui Du *Sate Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
Zikai Xie *Sate Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
Linjiang ChenSate Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China. linjiangchen@ustc.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0382-5863
Wenlang LiDepartment of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
Weihang GengState Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Yi ZhouSchool of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7404-6904
Xinwen OuDepartment of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
Chengtao GongKey Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular, Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Yijun GaoKey Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular, Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Shan HeDepartment of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
Chunxing YanKey Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular, Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Chengbin ZhaoKey Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular, Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5273-2594
Yantian JiaoDepartment of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
Sheng-Yi YangDepartment of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
Bing HuangKey Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular, Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Jacky W Y LamDepartment of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5754-1703
Jun QianState Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2131-3885
Jun JiangSate Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China. jiangj1@ustc.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6116-5605
Ben Zhong TangDepartment of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China. tangbenz@cuhk.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0293-964X
Hexiang DengKey Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular, Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. hdeng@whu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9398-7996

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 22033007National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 22521203, 2025106, 22320102003, 22025304
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The development of porous crystalline materials with targeted properties remains challenging owing to the vast chemical design space and the high cost of experimental screening. Here we develop an artificial-intelligence-assisted interactive experiment-learning evolution approach to accelerate the discovery of highly fluorescent covalent organic frameworks (COFs). This approach integrates model recommendation, experimental validation and active learning in an iterative refinement cycle, allowing the artificial intelligence model to evolve along the process. Among the 520 possible combinations derived from a library of 20 amine and 26 aldehyde building blocks, we needed to experimentally evaluate only 11 COFs to identify one with a remarkable photoluminescence quantum yield of 41.3%. By embedding electronic configuration and quantum-level insights into the learning process, this approach transcends intuition based on statistical analysis intuition to enable material discovery driven by chemical knowledge, enhancing prediction reliability and interpretability. We also reveal the fluorescence mechanism of these COFs and outline the critical role of HOMO-LUMO alignment and excited-state charge distribution.

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.