ReviewSkeletal radiology2026
Modic changes and their role in vertebrogenic back pain: a literature review.
Review in Skeletal radiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Sinuvertebral Nerve and Basivertebral Nerve: Analyzing the Central Role of the Vertebral-Disc Unit in Chronic Low Back Pain.Current pain and headache reports · 2026Review
- Sustained pain relief across modic subtypes following basivertebral nerve ablation: A real-world study.Interventional pain medicine · 2026Article
- Comment on "Modic changes and their role in vertebrogenic back pain: a literature review".Skeletal radiology · 2026Article
- Extrapedicular approach for basivertebral nerve radiofrequency ablation: a conceptual review.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2026Review
- Diagnostic Features of Discogenic Low Back Pain: A Narrative Review and Suggested Areas for Future Research and Clinical Practice.JOR spine · 2026Review
- Early pain-response trajectories after basivertebral nerve ablation and their relationship to 12-month clinical outcomes.Interventional pain medicine · 2026Article
- Quantitative discometry: Low-dose concordant pain onset identifies sensitized annular nociceptors under pressure-volume-controlled provocation.Interventional pain medicine · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vertebrogenic back pain (VBP) has emerged as a potentially undiagnosed subtype of chronic low back pain that is thought to arise from structural damage and subsequent inflammatory changes in the vertebral endplates and bone marrow. Modic changes (MCs) found on MRI have been proposed to be a potential indicator for VBP. However, the pathophysiology and clinical basis for MCs are still being investigated. This literature review aims to comprehensively synthesize the available evidence on the pathogenesis, etiologies, and therapeutic outcomes associated with MCs. MCs are classified into three types based on MRI characteristics, with the potential to present with mixed types or to interconvert over time. Risk factors and hypotheses include mechanical disruption, inflammation, bacterial, and autoimmune etiologies increasingly linked to nociceptive signaling from the basivertebral nerve (BVN), causing VBP. Diagnostic and criteria standardization is a major gap for further research to produce more consistent therapeutic outcomes. Future directions with biomarkers, advanced emerging imaging techniques, and clinical translation are required to refine the clinical role of MCs in diagnosing and managing VBP.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.