Trial reportNature cancer2026
Cryoablation plus sintilimab and lenvatinib in advanced or metastatic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a phase 2 trial.
Trial report in Nature cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05010668 (A Phase II Study of Cryoablation Combined With Sintilimab Plus Lenvatinib in Patients With Advanced Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase II Study of Cryoablation Combined With Sintilimab Plus Lenvatinib in Patients With Advanced Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma (CASTLE-01)
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- The tumor microenvironment in triple negative breast cancer and a strategy to improve responses to immunotherapy using cryoablation and immunostimulants.Cancer biology & therapy · 2026Review
- Article
- [Interventional therapeutic strategies for metastatic liver cancer].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2026Review
- Integrating locoregional therapy with systemic and emerging cellular therapies in advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Bibliometric and visual analysis: A comprehensive tracking of global research trends on ablation and tumor immune microenvironment from 2016 to 2025.Translational oncology · 2026Article
- Lenvatinib enhances the response of biliary tract cancer to anti-HER2 therapy.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Article
- [Research progress in liver cancer in 2025].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2026Review
- Tertiary lymphoid structure topotypes in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: spatial immunity, checkpoint-response associations, and therapeutic reprogramming.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Cryoablation combined with immunotherapy: new strategies and progress in the treatment of tumors.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Harnessing the abscopal effect: mechanistic insights and therapeutic strategies for systemic cancer immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Therapy-imprinted fibroblast memory in cholangiocarcinoma: rewiring CAF niches for immune evasion and treatment-resistant relapse.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Treatment options for advanced or metastatic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) are limited. In this single-arm, phase 2 trial (CASTLE-01, NCT05010668 ), 28 participants with advanced or metastatic ICC who have progressed after chemotherapy were treated with cryoablation, followed by anti-PD1 sintilimab (200 mg every 3 weeks) plus lenvatinib (8-12 mg per day) 2 weeks later. The objective response rate assessed by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 was 75.0% (95% confidence interval (CI): 59-91%), meeting the prespecified primary endpoint. Secondary endpoints of disease control rate, median progression-free survival and overall survival were respectively 100% (95% CI: 100-100%), 16.8 months (95% CI: 11.5-not reached (NR)) and 25.4 months (95% CI: 13.3-NR). Treatment was well tolerated. Post hoc multiomics analysis of paired pretreatment and on-treatment tumor biopsies suggested that cryoablation increased the tumor immunogenicity and dendritic cell activation, followed by triggering continuous replenishment of intratumoral CD8
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.