Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41176279›Full record

Trial reportThe Journal of nutrition2026

Inflammatory Cytokine Responses to 6 Wks of Increased Dairy Intake in Individuals with Overweight and Obesity-A Randomized Crossover Trial.

Joel L Prowting, Emily C Fraschetti, Tania J Pereira, Jessica Al Tucker, Sara Gagnon, Nicholas Cheng, Heather Edgell, David C Wright, Panagiota Klentrou, Christopher Gr Perry and 1 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The Journal of nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04902417 (Influence of Increased Dairy Product Consumption on Markers of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04902417 nacompletednot on this map

Influence of Increased Dairy Product Consumption on Markers of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Disease

TypeinterventionalSponsorYork UniversityRan2022 to 2024Enrolled32ConditionsInflammation, Overweight and Obesity, Cardiometabolic RiskArmsDairy Foods (Yoghurt, Cheese, Milk)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Joel L ProwtingSchool of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Emily C FraschettiSchool of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Tania J PereiraSchool of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Jessica Al TuckerDepartment of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Faculty of Science, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Sara GagnonSchool of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Nicholas ChengSchool of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Heather EdgellSchool of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
David C WrightSchool of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Panagiota KlentrouSchool of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.
Christopher Gr PerrySchool of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Andrea R JosseSchool of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada. Electronic address: ajosse@yorku.ca.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDairy products are important sources of macro/micronutrients and contain bioactive components with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and musculoskeletal supporting properties. Few studies have assessed the short-term effect of consuming a variety of wholefood dairy products (as opposed to single foods/nutrients) on a range of interrelated inflammatory, metabolic, antioxidant and vascular outcomes.

objectivesTo compare these physiological outcomes after 6 wks of a high mixed-dairy diet compared with 6 wks of a low dairy diet.

methodsUsing a randomly assigned crossover design, 30 adults (18 females/12 males) with overweight/obesity (OW/OB) (BMI: 32.0 ± 4.5 kg/m

resultsAfter controlling for age, BMI, sequence and period, there were no condition∗time interactions for interleukin-6 (IL-6; primary endpoint); however, there were condition∗time interactions for tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α; P = 0.042), and IL-4 (P = 0.026) such that they decreased and increased, respectively, on the HD diet compared with the LD diet. No other condition∗time interactions were observed for the other outcomes but we did observe sex∗condition interactions for IL-6 (P = 0.011), TNF-α (P < 0.001), triglycerides (P = 0.014), and diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.045), which were higher during the HD condition in males.

conclusionsIncreasing mixed dairy product intake for 6 wks favorably modulated some cytokines in the absence of metabolic, vascular, body weight, or fat changes. Differences in biomarker concentrations in relation to dairy intake and/or exercise may also be influenced by sex; however, this should be further explored. Overall, increased dairy intake may help ameliorate inflammation in individuals with OW/OB and cardiometabolic dysfunction. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04902417.

Indexed as

CytokinesDairy ProductsInflammationObesityOverweightAdultCross-Over StudiesDietFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedCytokinesblood biomarkerscardiometabolic riskdairy foodsglutathioneinflammation

Identifiers

PMID41176279
PMCPMC12881666

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.