Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41175451›Full record

ArticleInternational dental journal2026

Probiotic Lactobacillus casei Inhibits Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Growth and Induces Apoptosis In Vitro.

Tawba Abdel Rehaman, Radhika Guleri Bhardwaj, Nupur Sharma, Arjuna Ellepola, Maribasappa Karched

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International dental journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Tawba Abdel RehamanOral Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Bioclinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait.
Radhika Guleri BhardwajOral Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Bioclinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait; Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts & Science, American International University, Kuwait.
Nupur SharmaOral Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Bioclinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait.
Arjuna EllepolaOral Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Bioclinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait.
Maribasappa KarchedOral Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Bioclinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait. Electronic address: maribasappa.karched@ku.edu.kw.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a significant cause of mortality. Probiotic bacteria like Lactobacillus casei have shown anti-cancer and immune-modulatory properties. This study aimed to investigate the anti-proliferative effects of L. casei on OSCC and its apoptotic mechanisms.

methodsHuman head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells of the oral cavity (HNO97 cell line) were exposed to L. casei at concentrations of 1 × 10

resultsL. casei adhered to HNO97 cells and demonstrated an anti-proliferative effect, reducing cell viability of L. casei-treated HNO97 cells by 50%. Compared to untreated cells (90%), only ∼45% of L. casei-treated cells remained live and intact, with 20.5%-31.5% of cells in the late apoptotic stage. Further, the cell growth inhibition was accompanied by the upregulation of the TRAIL gene, which surprisingly did not corroborate with the expression of TRAIL protein in the HNO97 cells.

conclusionsL. casei exhibits anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects on OSCC. The TRAIL gene upregulation without translation into TRAIL protein suggests a potential caspase-independent mechanism of apoptosis. Further exploration is needed to understand the inhibitory effects of L. casei and its potential as a therapeutic probiotic in OSCC treatment.

Indexed as

ApoptosisCarcinoma, Squamous CellLacticaseibacillus caseiMouth NeoplasmsProbioticsCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationCell SurvivalHumansIn Vitro TechniquesSquamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and NeckTNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing LigandTNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing LigandLactobacillus caseiOral cancerOral squamous cell cancer (OSCC)ProbioticsTRAIL

Identifiers

PMID41175451
PMCPMC12621436

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.