ArticleEuropean journal of nutrition2025
Caffeine consumption and behavioral symptoms: influence of ADORA2A and DRD2 genes on inattention.
Article in European journal of nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundCaffeine acts on the central nervous system by antagonizing adenosine receptors, promoting alertness as adenosine regulates sleep and wakefulness. It has also an indirect stimulating effect by increasing dopamine neurotransmission, mediated by A2A (ADORA2A) and D2 (DRD2) receptors, which are co-localized in dopamine-rich brain regions. PURPOSE: This study investigates the association between polymorphisms in the ADORA2A and DRD2 genes and symptoms of anxiety, inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, as well as caffeine consumption in healthy adults. Additionally, we assessed correlations between caffeine consumption and these behavioral traits.
methodsADORA2A variants (rs2298383 and rs3761422) and DRD2 variants (rs2283265 and rs1076560) were analyzed in a sample of 315 Brazilians of European descent. Caffeine consumption was measured with a custom questionnaire, while anxiety, inattention, and hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms were evaluated using standardized scales.
resultsSignificant associations were found between ADORA2A variants and inattention symptoms, along with a synergistic effect between ADORA2A and DRD2 risk haplotypes on these symptoms. However, we found no significant association between genetic variants and caffeine consumption. Caffeine intake was positively correlated with anxiety, inattention, and hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms.
conclusionOur study provides evidence supporting the relationship between caffeine consumption and behavioral traits, including anxiety and ADHD symptoms. Furthermore, it demonstrates that the ADORA2A and DRD2 genes influence symptoms of inattention. Taken together, these insights emphasize the importance of integrating genetic, nutritional, and behavioral data, and reinforce the need for future research in personalized nutrition to consider the potential implications for mental health.
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