ArticleGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2026
Travel-associated emissions of intravitreal injections.
Article in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- [Sulphur hexafluoride (SFDie Ophthalmologie · 2026Review
- Reducing the Carbon Footprint of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration Therapy: Environmental Impact of Transitioning to Aflibercept 8 mg.Journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Patients' Perspectives on Climate Change, Health, and Sustainability in Ophthalmology.Ophthalmologica. Journal international d'ophtalmologie. International journal of ophthalmology. Zeitschrift fur Augenheilkunde · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeIntravitreal injections (IVIs) are among the most frequently performed ophthalmic procedures and have been associated with a substantial carbon footprint. Travel-associated emissions are considered a key driver of IVIs' carbon footprint; however, no study in a country with a decentralised healthcare system has assessed IVI-related emissions. Here, the IVI-associated carbon footprint in an urban German tertiary referral centre was investigated.
methodsIn total, 340 patients were included. The carbon footprint was assessed based on the distance travelled by patients and accompanying persons, the mode of transport, and postoperative follow-up visits. Demographic data, treatment indication, and the injected medication were collected.
resultsThe average travel-associated CO
conclusionTravel is a meaningful contributor to the carbon footprint of IVIs. Mitigation may be achieved by various approaches, such as longer-acting therapeutic agents or bilateral injections. To implement strategies for more sustainable IVIs, ophthalmologists may be encouraged by local and national bodies to incorporate environmental criteria into their practice.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.