ArticleBMC infectious diseases2025
Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 and anti-Plasmodium falciparum and vivax antibodies in urban and rural zones in the West Region of Cameroon.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundIn Sub-Saharan Africa the precarious health situation resulting from malaria has been further complicated by the emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, data on the burden of the virus in Cameroon remains limited. Here, we estimated prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 and anti-Plasmodium antibodies in urban and rural areas of the West Region of Cameroon during April and May 2022.
methodsThis was a cross-sectional study performed in Bafoussam (urban) and Fongo-Tongo (rural) in the West Region of Cameroon. Rapid diagnostic tests were used to detect anti-SARS-CoV-2 and anti-Plasmodium antibodies from whole blood samples collected via finger puncture. A total of 805 participants were included in the study. The association between seropositivity and recent history of common COVID-19 symptoms as well as the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 and anti-Plasmodium antibodies were analysed using the logistic regression model.
resultsThe overall antibody seroprevalence was 60.1% for SARS-CoV-2. In urban settings, the seroprevalence was 66.6%, including 62.11% IgG positivity, 0.9% IgM, and 2.7% co-detection of both IgG and IgM antibodies. In rural zone it was 54.0% with 51.8% of positivity due to IgG, 0.3% of IgM and 1.9% co-detection of both IgG and IgM antibodies. The overall seroprevalence of anti-Plasmodium antibodies was 22.2% and was high in rural zone with 31.4% compared to 14.8% reported in urban zone. Of the total seroprevalence, anti-Plasmodium antibodies of 21% was attributed to P. falciparum, while 2.11% was due to P. vivax. The generalised linear binomial model revealed no association between the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and anti-Plasmodium antibodies. SARS-CoV-2 antibody presence was associated with symptoms such as fever, dry cough, headache, loss of taste and smell, and body aches while fever, Sore-throat diarrhoea were found as symptoms associated to anti-Plasmodium antibodies. Additionally, a positive association between SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibodies and Plasmodium antibodies was observed.
conclusionThis study demonstrated a moderate-to-high seroprevalence of both anti-SARS-CoV-2 and anti-Plasmodium antibodies in urban and rural areas of Cameroon. However, further research is required to determine the persistence delay as well as the functionality of these assayed antibodies.
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