Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41173988›Full record

Observational studyScientific reports2025

Resistance patterns and virulence factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in hospitalized patients: A Saudi Arabian study.

Soha Abdallah Moursi, Mohd Saleem, Mohammed Salem Alharbi, Ehab Rakha, Ahmed Alshammari, Rana Aboras, Ashfaque Hossain, Sami Alshubrumi, Khaled Alnazha, Abdulaziz Alkhateeb and 1 more

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Comparative phenotypic and genotypic analysis of distinctFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Soha Abdallah MoursiDepartment of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia. s.moursi@uoh.edu.sa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3922-2247
Mohd SaleemDepartment of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed Salem AlharbiDepartment of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Ehab RakhaLaboratory Department, King Khalid Hospital, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Ahmed AlshammariDepartment of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Rana AborasDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Ashfaque HossainDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, RAK Medical and Health Science University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates.
Sami AlshubrumiLaboratory Department, King Khalid Hospital, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Khaled AlnazhaLaboratory Department, King Khalid Hospital, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulaziz AlkhateebLaboratory Department, King Khalid Hospital, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Azharuddin Sajid Syed KhajaDepartment of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

This research received funds from the Scientific Research Deanship at the University of Ha'il - Saudi Arabia project number RG-23 201.
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study explores antibiotic resistance profiles in Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections among patients in a tertiary hospital in a developing nation. It aims to identify associated factors to enhance treatment strategies in the face of increasing resistance challenges. A retrospective observational study conducted at King Khalid Hospital, Saudi Arabia, from January 2019 to December 2020 analysed patients admitted with positive Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultures. It investigated Pseudomonas infection epidemiology, patient clinical characteristics, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns in 817 samples. A total of 817 patients were included, with a male predominance (63.8%). Common comorbidities included cardiovascular disease (53.7%), diabetes mellitus (36.3%), and cancer (14.8%). Invasive device use was frequent, with 41.1% having Foley catheters, 44.8% central lines, and 22.9% undergoing prolonged intubation. Most P. aeruginosa isolates (70.8%) were identified within three days of admission. Among 1,619 processed samples, sputum was the most common clinical specimen, while rectal swabs predominated among surveillance samples. Colistin (84.5%), amikacin (83.0%), and cefepime (73.2%) showed the highest susceptibility rates, while ceftazidime had the lowest (34.6%). MDR was observed in 73% of isolates and was significantly associated with tracheal intubation (p = 0.0003), central lines (p = 0.032), and hospital-onset infection (p < 0.001). Diabetes mellitus was linked to community-onset cases (p = 0.0457). Hospital-acquired cases were significantly associated with device use and dialysis. Phenotypically, phospholipase C was associated with non-MDR isolates, while biofilm formation correlated with MDR strains. Hemolysin and alkaline protease were not significantly linked to resistance. Genotypically, toxA and plcH were more prevalent in non-MDR isolates, while other virulence genes showed no significant differences. Biofilm production was significantly associated with the plcN gene. The study emphasises the critical prevalence of MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa (73%), which is strongly linked to invasive medical devices and hospital-onset cases. High resistance to common antibiotics demands enhanced infection control, antimicrobial stewardship, and targeted strategies for high-risk patients to mitigate nosocomial infections and improve outcomes.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsDrug Resistance, BacterialDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialPseudomonas aeruginosaPseudomonas InfectionsVirulence FactorsAdultAgedCross InfectionFemaleHospitalizationHumansMaleMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesAnti-Bacterial AgentsVirulence FactorsAntibiotic resistanceMDRPseudomonas aeruginosa

Identifiers

PMID41173988
PMCPMC12578971

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.