ReviewAmerican journal of critical care : an official publication, American Association of Critical-Care Nurses2025
From Ancient Enemas to Tube Feeding, II: Clinical Outcomes and Future Directions Surrounding Commercial Versus Food-Based Formulas in Critical Illness.
Review in American journal of critical care : an official publication, American Association of Critical-Care Nurses, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- From Ancient Enemas to Tube Feeding, I: History, Administration, and Nutritional Composition of Commercial Versus Food-Based Formulas in Critical Illness.American journal of critical care : an official publication, American Association of Critical-Care Nurses · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This article is the second in a 2-part series examining the role of commercial and food-based enteral formulas in critical illness. Part I (published in the September 2025 issue of AJCC) reviewed the historical evolution, administration, and nutritional content of formulas; part II focuses on clinical outcomes and future directions. Enteral feeding is essential in the intensive care unit to support patients who cannot meet nutritional needs orally. Although commercial formulas remain the standard of care, the use of food-based formulas is expanding. In this part of the review, we examine the evidence comparing commercial versus food-based formulas across gastrointestinal symptoms (eg, constipation, diarrhea, reflux), renal effects (eg, electrolyte disturbances, uremia), and endocrine effects (eg, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance). We also explore nonclinical outcomes such as patient satisfaction, circadian rhythm effects, environmental considerations, and access disparities. Notably, much of the current evidence arises from pediatric or outpatient settings, underscoring the need for high-quality research in intensive care unit populations. These evolving patterns highlight critical gaps in knowledge that must be addressed to optimize intensive care unit nutrition practices. Together with part I, this article offers a comprehensive overview to guide evidence-based selection and implementation of enteral nutrition in critical care.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.