Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41172927›Full record

ArticleJournal of psychiatric research2026

An objective measure of insight in hoarding Disorder: Associations with severity, functioning, and neuropsychological performance.

Jessica J Zakrzewski, Elizabeth W Twamley, Michael L Thomas, Catherine R Ayers

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of psychiatric research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Jessica J ZakrzewskiResearch Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. Electronic address: jzakrzewski@health.ucsd.edu.
Elizabeth W TwamleyResearch Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.
Michael L ThomasDepartment of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
Catherine R AyersResearch Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Psychology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.

Funding

FELLOWSHIP IN GERIATRIC MENTAL HEALTHT32MH019934 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Elizabeth W Twamley · 1994 to 2026
$9.5M
Fellowship on Biological Psychiatry and NeuroscienceT32MH018399 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Pei-an (Betty) Shih · 1986 to 2026
$7.3M
NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH018399NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH019934
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hoarding Disorder (HD) is defined by the inability to discard objects until clutter becomes functionally impairing. A DSM-5 specifier for HD is lack of insight. A recent study found links between insight (using an objective clutter proxy) and inhibitory/cognitive control in HD. We aimed to explore associations between insight (using the same clutter proxy) and symptom severity, functioning, and cognition in Veterans with HD. 122 Veterans seeking treatment for HD completed pre-treatment assessments, including home-based assessments of clutter volume using the Clutter Imaging Rating Scale (CIR), HD severity measures, self-reported functioning, and neuropsychological testing. Insight was defined as the difference between the assessor and self-rating of the CIR (i.e., CIR-error). T-tests and regressions were used to evaluate the relationships between measures. The majority of the Veterans were older (m = 62), male (61 %), and White (57 %), with some college education. On clinical interview, only 10 % of the sample were rated with impaired insight. The mean CIR-error score was in the impaired range, with 47 % of the Veterans underreporting clutter. Lower HD severity and higher self-reported functioning were related to lower insight. Neuropsychological test performance was related to insight, but with small effects in varying directions. Nearly half of treatment-seeking Veterans demonstrated impairment in insight into levels of clutter, similar to previous work. Objective insight ratings demonstrated better sensitivity than clinician interviews for insight impairments. Lower insight was related to lower self-reported HD severity and higher self-reported functioning, raising the question of a potential insight paradox in HD.

Indexed as

Hoarding DisorderAdultAgedCognitive DysfunctionFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeuropsychological TestsSelf ReportSeverity of Illness IndexVeteransAnosognosiaClutterCognitionFunctioningHoarding disorderInsightSymptom severityVeteransVeterans Healthcare

Identifiers

PMID41172927
PMCPMC12994498

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.