ArticleRevista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992)2025
Association between group B beta-hemolytic Streptococcus screening during pregnancy and the prevalence of early-onset neonatal sepsis.
Article in Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveThe aim of the study was to evaluate the incidence of early-onset neonatal sepsis and other perinatal adverse outcomes associated with not screening for group B beta-hemolytic Streptococcus.
methodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted by searching electronic medical records from 2018 to 2022. Group B beta-hemolytic Streptococcus culture was performed after routine collection of vaginal and anal swabs from pregnant women at any time of pregnancy..
resultsA total of 968 pregnant women were included; 69.3% (675/968) were screened for group B beta-hemolytic Streptococcus, and 30.3% were not screened for group B beta-hemolytic Streptococcus. Of the pregnant women who were screened, 30.5% (206/675) had positive cultures and 69.5% (469/675) had negative cultures for group B beta-hemolytic Streptococcus. Pregnant women who underwent group B beta-hemolytic Streptococcus screening had a lower prevalence of preterm birth (p<0.0001), neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission (p=0.001), and neonatal death within 48 h (p=0.002). Group B beta-hemolytic Streptococcus screening was an independent predictor of preterm birth (p<0.0001). The best model for neonatal death in the first 48 h included group B beta-hemolytic Streptococcus screening (p=0.035) and NICU admission (p=0.016). Antibiotic use (p=0.040), preterm birth (p<0.0001), premature rupture of ovular membranes (p=0.047), premature delivery (p<0.0001), and chorioamnionitis (p=0.001) were associated with an increased risk of early-onset neonatal sepsis.
conclusionsScreening for group B beta-hemolytic Streptococcus was not significantly associated with early-onset neonatal sepsis, but it was an independent predictor of preterm birth.
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