Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41171903›Full record

ArticleScience advances2025

Surface reconstructions govern ice nucleation on silver iodide.

Johanna I Hütner, Andrea Conti, David Kugler, Franziska Sabath, Kim Noelle Dreier, Hans-Georg Stammler, Florian Mittendorfer, Angelika Kühnle, Michael Schmid, Ulrike Diebold and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Surface Structure of Polar Silver Iodide (0001) in Various Liquids: No Indication for a Surface Reconstruction.Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry · 2026
    Article
  4. Formation AgI and ZnINanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Johanna I HütnerInstitute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna 1040, Austria.ORCID 0009-0001-3870-6661
Andrea ContiInstitute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna 1040, Austria.ORCID 0000-0002-2400-8483
David KuglerInstitute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna 1040, Austria.ORCID 0009-0008-6727-9655
Franziska SabathDepartment of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld 33615, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-1562-7303
Kim Noelle DreierDepartment of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld 33615, Germany.ORCID 0009-0004-7576-3608
Hans-Georg StammlerDepartment of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld 33615, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-0918-7057
Florian MittendorferInstitute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna 1040, Austria.ORCID 0000-0002-5073-9191
Angelika KühnleDepartment of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld 33615, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-1214-1006
Michael SchmidInstitute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna 1040, Austria.ORCID 0000-0003-3373-9357
Ulrike DieboldInstitute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna 1040, Austria.ORCID 0000-0003-0319-5256
Jan BalajkaInstitute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Vienna 1040, Austria.ORCID 0000-0001-7101-1055

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Silver iodide (AgI) is among the most effective ice-nucleating agents, attributed to its close lattice match with hexagonal ice. However, the atomic-level mechanism behind its efficiency remains unclear. The basal surfaces of AgI are polar and inherently unstable, necessitating a compensation mechanism, such as surface reconstruction, which may disrupt the favorable lattice match with ice. We combine noncontact atomic force microscopy with advanced computational modeling to determine the atomic structure of basal AgI surfaces in ultrahigh vacuum. The Ag-terminated (0001) surface exhibits a (2 × 2) reconstruction with ordered Ag vacancies, preserving a hexagonal arrangement of surface atoms that facilitates epitaxial ice growth. In contrast, the I-terminated (000[Formula: see text]) surface adopts a complex rectangular reconstruction, incompatible with continuous ice layer formation. These findings highlight the decisive role of surface atomic structure and indicate that the Ag-terminated basal plane is primarily responsible for efficient ice nucleation on AgI.

Identifiers

PMID41171903
PMCPMC12577688

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.