Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41171711›Full record

ReviewLeukemia & lymphoma2026

Racial disparities in multiple myeloma: biological heterogeneity, treatment access, and prognostic implications.

Malaika J Mason, Brian C Chiu

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Leukemia & lymphoma, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Malaika J MasonDepartment of Public Health Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Brian C ChiuDepartment of Public Health Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8979-7244

Funding

Pilot Program CoreP30ES027792 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI Gokhan M. Mutlu, Gail S Prins · 2017 to 2026
$13.6M
Epigenomic markers of circulating cell-free DNA and treatment outcome in multiple myelomaR01CA223662 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI CHIU, BRIAN C-H, ZHANG, WEI · 2018 to 2022
$3.2M
Integrating liquid biopsy-based epigenetic and imaging modalities to evaluate disease response in multiple myelomaR01CA280637 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI BRIAN C-H CHIU, Benjamin Derman · 2023 to 2026
$2.6M
A highly sensitive linear amplification based DNA methylation profiling technique for clinical cancer researchR33CA269100 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI CHIU, BRIAN C-H, ZHANG, WEI · 2022 to 2024
$1.2M
Elucidating novel epigenetic modifications implicated in multiple myeloma risk disparitiesR56CA282891 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI CHIU, BRIAN C-H, ZHANG, WEI · 2023 to 2023
$300k
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA223662NCI NIH HHS R01 CA280637NCI NIH HHS R33 CA269100NCI NIH HHS R56 CA282891NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES027792
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Unlike the well-recognized two-fold higher incidence rate and an earlier age of onset of MM among African Americans (AA) compared to European Americans (EA) in the United States, findings on racial disparities in survival outcomes of MM are inconclusive, ranging from worse survival, to no difference, to better overall survival in AA patients than EA patients. The clinical outcomes for patients with MM depend on a complex interplay of factors including age, disease severity, cytogenetics, treatment modalities, biological features of the responsible clone, and non-biological factors such as treatment utilization and access to care. This review focuses on genetic and molecular heterogeneity of the disease biology and characteristics among MM patients from different populations. The review discusses possible determinants of racial and ethnic disparities in the outcomes of MM and considers potential strategies to address them with an ultimate goal of decreasing MM health disparities.

Indexed as

Healthcare DisparitiesHealth Services AccessibilityHealth Status DisparitiesMultiple MyelomaBlack or African AmericanHumansPrognosisUnited StatesWhitecytogeneticsgeneticshealthcare disparitieshealth disparitiesMultiple myelomasurvival outcomes

Identifiers

PMID41171711
PMCPMC12616675

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.