Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41171511›Full record

ArticleInfection2026

Continuous infusion OPAT via elastomeric pumps: effectiveness, safety, and cost-saving potential in a real-world Italian cohort.

Stella Babich, Stefano Di Bella, Raffaele De Rivo, Oyewole Christopher Durojaiye, Antonio Lovecchio, Andrea Misin, Madalina Straciug, Ylenia Gobbo, Angela Dellaluce, Michela Palmolungo and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Stella BabichInfectious Disease Unit, Trieste University Hospital, Piazza dell'Ospitale 1, Trieste, 34125, Italy.
Stefano Di BellaInfectious Disease Unit, Trieste University Hospital, Piazza dell'Ospitale 1, Trieste, 34125, Italy.
Raffaele De RivoSchool of Medicine, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
Oyewole Christopher DurojaiyeDepartment of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
Antonio LovecchioInfectious Disease Unit, Trieste University Hospital, Piazza dell'Ospitale 1, Trieste, 34125, Italy.
Andrea MisinInfectious Disease Unit, Trieste University Hospital, Piazza dell'Ospitale 1, Trieste, 34125, Italy.
Madalina StraciugInfectious Disease Unit, Trieste University Hospital, Piazza dell'Ospitale 1, Trieste, 34125, Italy.
Ylenia GobboInfectious Disease Unit, Trieste University Hospital, Piazza dell'Ospitale 1, Trieste, 34125, Italy.
Angela DellaluceInfectious Disease Unit, Trieste University Hospital, Piazza dell'Ospitale 1, Trieste, 34125, Italy.
Michela PalmolungoGeneral Directorate, Trieste University Hospital (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy.
Massimiliano FabricciMedical Directorate, Trieste University Hospital (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy.
Filippo Giorgio Di GirolamoClinical Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, Trieste University, Trieste, Italy.
Chiara RoniHospital Pharmacy, Cattinara Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Trieste, Italy.
Jacopo MonticelliInfectious Disease Unit, Trieste University Hospital, Piazza dell'Ospitale 1, Trieste, 34125, Italy. jacopo.monticelli@asugi.sanita.fvg.it.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo evaluate clinical outcomes, safety, patient-reported satisfaction, and cost-effectiveness of elastomeric pump-based Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy (OPAT) over six years at an Italian tertiary center.

methodsThis retrospective single-center study included 76 adult patients treated with continuous-infusion OPAT via elastomeric pumps between 2019 and 2024 at the University Hospital of Trieste, Italy.

resultsA total of 1,934 elastomeric pump-based OPAT days were delivered (median duration of 22.9 days). Clinical cure was achieved in 85.5% of patients; recurrence and failure occurred in 6.2% and 7.9%, respectively. Most frequent indications were skin/soft tissue and surgical site infections (25.9%), complicated urinary tract infections (22.4%), and bone/joint infections (16.4%). Pathogens were mainly Gram-negative (70.7%), including Enterobacterales (40.2%, 57.6% ESBL-producing), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (26.8%), and Staphylococcus aureus (17.1%, 28.6% methicillin-resistant S. aureus). The most used antibiotics were piperacillin/tazobactam (51.3%), cefepime (12.5%) and ceftolozane/tazobactam (7.5%). Adverse events were observed in 13.75% of treatments, primarily vascular access-related (5.7 events/1,000 OPAT-days); drug-related adverse events occurred in 7.8% of patients (3.1 events/1,000 OPAT-days). Among contacted patients (75% response rate), 83.7% expressed willingness to reuse the pump. Total OPAT costs were €62,190.64 compared to an estimated €773,600.00 for inpatient care, yielding a 92% cost reduction (€711,409 saved).

conclusionElastomeric pump-based OPAT is a clinically effective, well-tolerated, and economically advantageous option for selected infections. Its integration into stewardship programs supports broader implementation within modern, sustainable infectious disease care models.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsInfusion PumpsInfusions, ParenteralAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCost-Benefit AnalysisElastomersFemaleHumansItalyMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesTreatment OutcomeYoung AdultAnti-Bacterial AgentsElastomersAntimicrobial stewardshipContinuous infusionCost-analysisElastomeric pumpsOPAT

Identifiers

PMID41171511
PMCPMC12864358

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.