ArticleVeterinary research communications2025
Investigation into the efficacy of a commercially available inactivated avian influenza virus (AIV) vaccine (H9N2) through experimental and field assessments, with an emphasis on its compatibility with recent AIV (H9N2) G1-sublineage isolates.
Article in Veterinary research communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Advances and challenges in avian influenza vaccines: From conventional approaches to next-generation strategies.Veterinary and animal science · 2026Review
- Long-Term Immunogenicity and Protection of a rHVT-H9/Y280 Vaccine Against H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus in Commercial Layers with High Maternal Antibodies.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Avian influenza H9N2 virus has established itself as endemic in various parts of the globe notably in the Middle East with significant economic repercussions. Vaccination with inactivated vaccine is regarded as one of the most effective strategies for disease prevention. To enhance the efficacy of the vaccination protocol the seed strain must possess genetic and antigenic characteristics closely resemble to the circulating field viruses. This research sought to assess the effectiveness of an oil-inactivated avian influenza virus (AIV) H9N2 vaccine given at different dosages and ages in broiler chicks as well as in commercial layer chicken flocks. This assessment involved challenging the chicks with the H9N2 G1 lineage avian influenza virus (A/chicken/Egypt/v1896/2022 (H9N2)) at 14 and 21 days of age alongside conducting serological monitoring in a layer flock. Phylogenetic analysis of the vaccine seed strains revealed to more than 99.00% amino acid identity to the recently isolated strains. All applied vaccination protocols successfully reduced virus shedding, clinical symptoms, and pathological damages in the trachea and lung. Birds that received a full dose of the inactivated H9N2 vaccine at zero and three days of age exhibited the strongest immune responses by 28 days even in the presence of maternal-derived antibodies. Furthermore, administering the inactivated H9N2 vaccine at three days of age provided the most substantial clinical protection against challenges occurring at various time points. Implementing a priming-boost vaccination strategy for layers provided the birds with adequate humoral immune responses to achieve sufficient pre-laying titres.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.