Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41171459›Full record

ArticleOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA2026

The prospective association between high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and risk of incident fractures in the general population.

Richard Sutton, Cecilia Rogmark, Artur Fedorowski, Viktor Hamrefors, Madeleine Johansson

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Letter to the Editor: Re: "The prospective association between HDL-cholesterol and risk of incident fractures in the general population".Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Richard SuttonClinical Research Center, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University, Box 5033, 20213, Malmö, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5710-1094
Cecilia RogmarkClinical Research Center, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University, Box 5033, 20213, Malmö, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6556-4320
Artur FedorowskiClinical Research Center, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University, Box 5033, 20213, Malmö, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5352-6327
Viktor HamreforsClinical Research Center, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University, Box 5033, 20213, Malmö, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8475-0866
Madeleine JohanssonClinical Research Center, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Lund University, Box 5033, 20213, Malmö, Sweden. madeleine.johansson@med.lu.se.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9057-9148

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Elevated HDL-C levels are generally regarded as prognostically favorable in cardiovascular disease. Our study shows that higher HDL cholesterol levels are prospectively associated with 18% increased risk of new-onset fractures in men but not in women. Higher HDL cholesterol may be a novel risk factor for developing fractures in men. PURPOSE: Increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease but inversely associated with bone mineral density.

methodsWe assessed the relationship between HDL-C and incident fractures using a prospective population-based cohort. In total 18,240 subjects had available data on HDL-C levels (mean age 69 years, 37% women, mean follow-up 13 years). Fracture endpoints were identified through national registers. Follow-up was from 2002 until the first episode of incident fracture or end of follow-up December 31, 2020. The primary and secondary outcomes were total incident fractures and incident fractures of the hip and lower limb, respectively.

resultsIncident fractures occurred in 26% (n = 4,710) of all subjects (mean follow-up of 13 years). Subjects with incident fractures had higher HDL-C levels (mmol/L ± standard deviation) compared with subjects without fractures (1.5 ± 0.4 vs. 1.4 ± 0.4 mmol/L). In multivariate regression analysis, higher HDL-C levels were associated with increased risk of total incident fractures in the general population (HR 1.12, 95%CI 1.03-1.22, p = 0.006), and in men (HR 1.18, 95%CI 1.04-1.35, p = 0.02). No statistically significant relationship was found in women or between incident fractures of hip and lower limb fractures (p > 0.05).

conclusionsHigher HDL cholesterol levels are prospectively associated with 18% increased risk of new-onset fractures in men from the general population but not in women. Higher HDL cholesterol may be a novel risk factor for developing fractures in men.

Indexed as

Cholesterol, HDLOsteoporotic FracturesAgedAged, 80 and overBone DensityFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHip FracturesHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRegistriesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsCholesterol, HDLBone healthEpidemiologyFracturesHigh-density lipoprotein cholesterolPopulation

Identifiers

PMID41171459
PMCPMC12847209

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.