Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41170624›Full record

ArticleBioelectromagnetics2025

A Cohort Study on Alzheimer's Disease in Relation to Residential Magnetic Fields From Indoor Transformer Stations.

Anu Liimatainen, Päivi Roivainen, Jukka Juutilainen, Anne Höytö, Jonne Naarala

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Bioelectromagnetics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Anu LiimatainenDepartment of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Pohjois-Savo, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5484-7053
Päivi RoivainenDepartment of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Pohjois-Savo, Finland.
Jukka JuutilainenDepartment of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Pohjois-Savo, Finland.
Anne HöytöRadiation Practices Regulation, Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, Vantaa, Uusimaa, Finland.
Jonne NaaralaDepartment of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Pohjois-Savo, Finland.

Funding

This work was supported by Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority and Juho Vainio Foundation.
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Meta-analyses of epidemiological studies have suggested that Alzheimer's disease (AD) may be linked with exposure to extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields (MF). This is the first study investigating the association of AD with exposure to residential ELF MFs from indoor transformer stations, using a study design that avoids shortcomings of previous studies. All cohort members had lived in buildings with indoor transformer stations. MF exposure was assessed based on the location of their apartment in relation to the transformer room. AD patients were identified from Drug Purchase Register and Drug Reimbursement Register. Out of the 155,562 individuals, 5652 (111,357 person-years of follow-up) living in apartments next to transformer stations were considered as exposed, while 115,772 (2,289,526 person-years of follow-up) individuals living on higher floors of the same buildings were considered as referents. Associations between MF exposure and AD were examined using Cox proportional hazard models. The hazard ratio (HR) was 1.02 (95% confidence interval: 0.85-1.22), indicating that the risk of AD is not associated with residential ELF MFs present in apartments next to transformer stations. The duration of residence did not essentially change the HR. The risk of AD was slightly but not statistically significantly higher (HR 1.22, 95% confidence interval: 0.94-1.57) for those whose residence started before the age of 50 years. The results did not support positive findings from previous studies that have reported a link between AD and occupational or residential MF exposure. Bioelectromagnetics. 00:00-00, 2025.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseEnvironmental ExposureHousingMagnetic FieldsAgedAged, 80 and overCohort StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsAlzheimer's diseaseelectromagnetic fieldsenvironmental exposureepidemiologynonionizing radiation

Identifiers

PMID41170624
PMCPMC12576762

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.