Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41170499›Full record

ArticleACS sustainable chemistry & engineering2025

Mixed Dicarboxylic Acids Derived from Polyethylene as a Feedstock for the Synthesis of Polyesters.

Tom J Smak, Hugo Aalders, Rijk van Bruggen, Thijs Out, Bram van Rijn, Carmen Ruijs, Rinke Altink, Ina Vollmer, Bert M Weckhuysen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Tom J SmakInorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2499-4964
Hugo AaldersInorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Rijk van BruggenHogeschool Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 7, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Thijs OutHogeschool Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 7, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Bram van RijnHogeschool Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 7, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Carmen RuijsHogeschool Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 7, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Rinke AltinkTNO Brightsite, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands.
Ina VollmerInorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9917-1499
Bert M WeckhuysenInorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5245-1426

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To move away from the currently linear fossil-based plastic value chain, we aim to produce dicarboxylic acid monomers, such as succinic and adipic acid, by the oxidative conversion of polyethylene (PE) wastes. However, a drawback of this technology is that a mixture of dicarboxylic acids of various chain lengths is produced, in contrast to their fossil-based analogs. Therefore, we aim to explore the potential of applying mixed dicarboxylic acids directly in polyester synthesis. The physical properties of these polymers were compared by synthesizing a range of aliphatic polyesters from dicarboxylic acids with a variation in chain length (i.e., C4-C10) and chain length distributions (i.e., 1, 3, 5, and 7 diacids) with 1,4-butanediol as the comonomer. In addition, a polyester was synthesized from a mix of dicarboxylic acids derived from the oxidative conversion of polyethylene (PE). The polymers were characterized with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Using a mixed dicarboxylic acid feedstock enhances the biodegradability but lowers the melting temperature of the polymers made. This can be compensated by the use of a more rigid diol, such as bis-hydroxyethyl terephthalate (BHET).

Indexed as

alternative feedstockschemical recyclingcircular polymersdicarboxylic acidoxidationpolyester

Identifiers

PMID41170499
PMCPMC12570260

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.