ArticleCureus2025
Effects of Toki Shakuyaku San on Olfactory Function in a Postmenopausal Mouse Model.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of Toki Shakuyaku San (TSS) on olfactory function in a mouse model of sensorineural olfactory dysfunction, with a focus on the estrogen-deficient state. We investigated whether TSS promotes olfactory neuronal regeneration and recovery of odor-evoked behavior in both sham-operated and ovariectomized (OVX) mice to clarify its potential therapeutic value in postmenopausal olfactory impairment.
methodsFemale BALB/c mice underwent ovariectomy or sham surgery, followed by methimazole administration to induce olfactory epithelial injury. Mice were fed either a control diet or a diet containing 0.5% TSS. Odor aversion behavior was evaluated using a light-dark box, and olfactory marker protein (OMP) expression in the nasal epithelium was analyzed by immunohistochemistry on Day 14. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test.
resultsIn sham-operated mice, those fed a TSS-containing diet exhibited significantly longer odor aversion time at day 14 when compared to the mice fed a control diet (P = 0.007). A significantly higher number of OMP-positive cells was observed in the superior nasal septum (R1) of TSS-fed mice than in control-fed mice (P = 0.03). In OVX mice, no significant differences were observed between the TSS-fed and control-fed groups in odor aversion behavior (P = 0.11) or in the number of OMP-positive cells in any of the four regions of the olfactory epithelium (P > 0.05).
conclusionOur results suggest that the effects of TSS on olfactory recovery may depend on the presence of estrogen, and its efficacy could be influenced by the hormonal status.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.