ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2025
Case Report: Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 4 involving diabetes mellitus type 1, autoimmune hepatitis, immune thrombocytopenia, and celiac disease.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Autoimmune polyglandular syndromes refer to a group of disorders characterized by dysfunction in two or more endocrine glands, often accompanied by autoimmune involvement in non-endocrine tissues. A 6-year-old girl was admitted due to suspected diabetes mellitus. The symptoms observed by the parents were polyuria, polydipsia, and an acetone odor. Physical examination revealed a dry oral mucosa, a tongue coated with a white film, ecchymoses on the upper limbs, and a distended abdomen, arched above the chest level, and increased bowel sounds. After comprehensive differential diagnostics, the patient was identified with diabetes mellitus type 1, autoimmune hepatitis, immune thrombocytopenia, celiac disease, and thus autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 4. The case illustrates a very rare combination of coexisting autoimmune disorders. When a patient is diagnosed with one autoimmune disease, it is crucial to screen actively for other autoimmune conditions. It is essential to remember that the clinical presentation of a patient is often the result of overlapping symptoms from multiple conditions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.