ReviewJournal of food science2025
Barium Levels in Brazil Nuts: A Global Review of the Literature.
Review in Journal of food science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Barium Levels in Brazil Nuts: A Global Review of the Literature.Journal of food science · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Brazil nuts are often recommended for their high selenium content but have also been reported to contain elevated levels of barium, a potentially toxic element. Regular daily consumption of Brazil nuts may exceed the currently suggested tolerable daily intake (TDI) for barium (ca. 0.2 mg/kg body weight/day). No comprehensive review of barium levels in Brazil nuts has been published to date. Therefore, a global literature review of barium in Brazil nuts without language or time restrictions was conducted. A total of 24 eligible publications (1933-2023) were included. The literature review indicated a mean barium level of 1.27 (95% confidence interval: 0.89, 1.64; range: 0.03-5.89; n = 43) mg/g. For most regions, consuming two Brazil nuts per day does not exceed the TDI for adults. However, in some regions (Germany, Guyana, and Japan), and for individuals with a body weight of <60 kg, consuming two Brazil nuts per day may already exceed the TDI, not accounting for other dietary sources of barium. Studies with georeferencing are needed to clarify geographic variability, and human studies on barium bioavailability from Brazil nuts are warranted.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.