Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41167884›Full record

ArticleAnalytica chimica acta2025

Deciphering the three-dimensional biomolecular distribution in the Alzheimer's disease brain: A multiomic approach integrating immunohistochemistry with MALDI MS imaging.

Kelly H Lu, Hua Zhang, Gargey B Yagnik, Mark J Lim, Kenneth J Rothschild, Wei Li, Andrew J Schneider, Luigi Puglielli, Lingjun Li

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Analytica chimica acta, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. ExploringFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Kelly H LuDepartment of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
Hua ZhangSchool of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
Gargey B YagnikAmberGen Inc., Billerica, MA, 01821, USA.
Mark J LimAmberGen Inc., Billerica, MA, 01821, USA.
Kenneth J RothschildAmberGen Inc., Billerica, MA, 01821, USA; Department of Physics and Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Wei LiSchool of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
Andrew J SchneiderDepartment of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA; Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
Luigi PuglielliDepartment of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA; Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
Lingjun LiDepartment of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, 53706, USA; School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, 53705, USA; Lachman Institute for Pharmaceutical Development, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA; Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystems, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA. Electronic address: lingjun.li@wisc.edu.

Funding

Mass Spectrometric Studies of Neuropeptides in FeedingR01DK071801 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI LINGJUN LI · 2006 to 2026
$6.7M
Spastic paraplegia, neurodegeneration and autism: possible role for AT- 1/SLC33A1?R01NS094154 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI Luigi Puglielli · 2015 to 2026
$4.3M
Creating a region- specific biomolecular atlas of the brain of Alzheimer’s diseaseR01AG078794 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI LINGJUN LI, Luigi Puglielli · 2022 to 2026
$3.7M
Photocleavable Mass-Tags for Spatial Multiomics of Alzheimer’s Brain TissueR44AG078097 · NIA · AMBERGEN, INC · PI LIM, MARK · 2022 to 2023
$2.4M
DiLeu-enabled multiplexed quantitation for biomarker discovery and validation in Alzheimer’s diseaseR01AG052324 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI LINGJUN LI · 2023 to 2026
$2.3M
Acquisition of a High-Field Dual Source FTICR-MS for Pharmaceutical ResearchS10RR029531 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI LI, LINGJUN · 2011 to 2011
$2.1M
A Highly Multiplexed, Multiomic 3D Mouse Brain Map Using MALDI-IHCR44MH132196 · NIMH · AMBERGEN, INC · PI LIM, MARK · 2022 to 2023
$2.0M
Acquisition of a Dual-Source, High-Performance, Ion Mobility, Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry System for Biomedical Research at UW-MadisonS10OD028473 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI LI, LINGJUN · 2021 to 2021
$1.3M
ATase1 and ATase2, proteostasis, and neurological diseasesR01GM148487 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI Luigi Puglielli · 2023 to 2026
$1.2M
Acquisition of a High Resolution High Speed MALDI Mass Spectrometer for Biomedical Research at UW-MadisonS10OD025084 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI LI, LINGJUN · 2018 to 2018
$598k
NCRR NIH HHS S10 RR029531NIA NIH HHS R01 AG052324NIA NIH HHS R01 AG078794NIA NIH HHS R44 AG078097NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK071801NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM148487NIH HHS S10 OD025084NIH HHS S10 OD028473NIMH NIH HHS R44 MH132196NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS094154
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by complex and distinct spatial and molecular changes in the brain that contribute to its onset and progression, which includes disruptions in proteins, lipids, and neuroinflammatory pathways. In this study, we introduce a three-dimensional (3D) spatial multi-omics imaging approach that integrates lipid mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) with targeted proteomic analysis using 10-plex photo-cleavable mass tag (PC-MT) probes. Brain tissues from wild-type (WT) and AD model mice were sectioned at four coronal levels, spaced 1500 μm apart, enabling the reconstruction of a depth-resolved molecular atlas. Lipid MSI revealed region- and depth-specific alterations in phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and other lipid classes between AD and WT brains. In parallel, protein MSI using PC-MT probes identified spatially distinct changes in neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative markers across the cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus at different depths. This integrative platform uncovered co-localization patterns of lipid dysregulation and protein overexpression unique to AD pathology, highlighting vulnerable brain subregions. Our findings demonstrate that combining targeted protein and untargeted lipid imaging in 3D enables the discovery of spatially coordinated molecular signatures in neurodegeneration, offering a powerful framework for biomarker discovery and therapeutic development.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseBrainImaging, Three-DimensionalSpectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationAnimalsImmunohistochemistryMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLProteomicsAlzheimer's diseaseMALDI-IHC-MSIMass spectrometry imagingMultiomic MSIMultiplex protein MSIThree-dimensional MALDI MSI

Identifiers

PMID41167884
PMCPMC13600791

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.