ArticleIn vivo (Athens, Greece)
Reduced Pain Responses With a Digital Automatic Syringe: Behavioral and Molecular Evidence in a Rodent Formalin Model.
Article in In vivo (Athens, Greece). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/
aimManual syringe injections often produce variable pain responses due to inconsistent injection pressure and speed, complicating both clinical procedures and experimental outcomes. The digital automatic syringe, I-ject™, was developed to provide controlled, reproducible injections and thereby reduce injection-associated pain. MATERIALS AND
methodsUsing a formalin-induced acute pain model in rats, we compared nociceptive behavioral and molecular responses between injections delivered by a conventional manual syringe versus the I-ject™ automatic syringe. Pain-related behaviors, limping and licking of the injected paw, were recorded for 60 min. After behavioral observation, spinal cord tissue was collected for quantitative real-time PCR analysis of pain-related genes.
resultsRats injected with the I-ject™ automatic syringe exhibited a 30.6% reduction in limping and a 66.0% reduction in licking frequency within the 15 min after formalin injection, compared to those injected with a manual syringe (
conclusionThe I-ject™ automatic syringe markedly reduced both behavioral signs of pain and molecular markers of nociceptive activation in this rodent formalin pain model. These findings support the potential of this digital automatic injection system as a safer and more consistent alternative to conventional manual syringes in both preclinical research and clinical settings.
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