ReviewWorld journal of pediatrics : WJP2025
Challenges and suggestions for the assessment and treatment of bedtime problems and night wakings in children under six.
Review in World journal of pediatrics : WJP, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Challenges and suggestions for the assessment and treatment of bedtime problems and night wakings in children under six.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2025Review
- Making pediatric sleep health a priority: from scientific research to clinical practice.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBedtime problems and night wakings are common in children under six, particularly in China. The current study summarizes the core tenets of the "Chinese guideline for the treatment of bedtime problems and night wakings in children under 6 years of age (2023)", and discusses the associated challenges and suggestions for practices relevant to both domestic and international contexts. DATA SOURCES: This review draws on literature from PubMed and Web of Science, published up to 2025, combined with evidence from the guide itself, as well as relevant consensus statements and expert recommendations.
resultsThe guideline provides three strong recommendations, including behavioral intervention, early sleep hygiene education, and bedtime massage; four conditional recommendations under professional supervision, including separate sleeping arrangements, white noise, melatonin and iron supplementation; and three non-recommended interventions, including pacifier use, early complementary feeding, and daytime physical activity. Challenges in assessment and treatment involve the absence of standardized diagnostic criteria, reliance on subjective reports, multifactorial etiology with frequent comorbidities, and culturally embedded family sleep practices. Comprehensive evaluation requires integrating both subjective and objective measures while accounting for medical, behavioral, and environmental factors within cultural frameworks. Intervention should be individualized through shared decision-making with parents, combining modalities based on etiological profiling, with non-pharmacological strategies constituting first-line management.
conclusionsEffective management for bedtime problems and night wakings in young children requires standardized tools, and culturally adaptable, and family-centered interventions according to evidence-based guidelines. Strengthening professional training and parental education is crucial for guideline implementation and improved pediatric sleep health.
Indexed as
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.