ReviewOphthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)2025
The role of astigmatism in myopia development, myopia progression and myopia control.
Review in Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Real-world Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Highly Aspherical Lenslets and Orthokeratology In Anisomyopic Children.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Body Mass Index is Associated With Direction-Specific Increases in With-the-Rule Corneal and Refractive Astigmatism in Schoolchildren.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- The effect of defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) spectacle lenses on astigmatism in children with myopia.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Prevalence, vector evolution, and visual impact of astigmatism: a large-scale study of 79,066 children in Beijing, China.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- The role of astigmatism in myopia development, myopia progression and myopia control.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aims/purposeMyopia arises primarily due to excessive axial elongation and is associated with an increased risk of ocular complications and visual impairment, particularly in high myopia. Although astigmatism may have implications on refractive development, the role of astigmatism in myopic eye growth and the effectiveness of myopia control strategies is unclear.
methodsA scoping review was conducted in March 2025 and updated in August 2025, using MEDLINE and PubMed to explore myopia prevalence and onset, progression and astigmatism (Aim 1) and myopia control and astigmatism (Aim 2). Literature was initially screened by title, abstract and finally by the relevance of the full manuscript.
resultsA total of 1004 studies were identified; 26 duplicates were removed; 911 were excluded following title screening and 20 were excluded following abstract screening. A total of 47 studies were included (Aim 1 = 30, Aim 2 = 17), with most conducted in Asia (n = 31). A higher prevalence of astigmatism was associated with myopia. Myopia progression and astigmatism may be related, although there is limited research on the effects of uncorrected astigmatism on the course of myopia. Additionally, there is limited research regarding the influence of astigmatism on the effectiveness of myopia control strategies, with conflicting findings between studies.
conclusionsMyopia progression and astigmatism may be interdependent. However, a causative role of astigmatism in promoting myopia is unclear. The diverse range of study designs and methodologies impairs the comparability of findings. Prospective research in children of differing ethnicities with a range of astigmatism is required to determine if astigmatism influences the effectiveness of myopia control interventions. This would provide an evidence base to inform clinical decision-making and management plans for myopic children with astigmatism, particularly in non-Asian populations where research is limited.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.