Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41164840›Full record

Trial reportFrontiers in public health2025

Utilization of home- and community-based services among rural family caregivers of persons with dementia: the role of the area deprivation index.

Jasmine Santoyo-Olsson, Kenneth E Covinsky, Jing Cheng, Dolores Gallagher Thompson, Veronica Yank

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Frontiers in public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04428112 (Evaluating the Effectiveness of an Online Small-Group Self-Management Workshop for Rural Caregivers of Individuals With Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04428112 nacompletednot on this map

Evaluating the Effectiveness of an Online Small-Group Self-Management Workshop for Rural Caregivers of Individuals With Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of California, San FranciscoRan2020 to 2023Enrolled418ConditionsDepression, Stress, Psychological, Self Efficacy, LonelinessArmsBuilding Better Caregivers Workshop, Attention Control
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jasmine Santoyo-OlssonDivision of Geriatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Kenneth E CovinskyDivision of Geriatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Jing ChengDivision of Oral Epidemiology and Dental Public Health, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Dolores Gallagher ThompsonDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States.
Veronica YankDivision of General Internal Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.

Funding

VARC CoreP30AG044281 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Louise C. Walter · 2013 to 2026
$19.9M
RESOURCE CENTER FOR AGING RESEARCH IN DIVERSE POPULATIONP30AG015272 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Torsten Brian Neilands · 1997 to 2026
$19.5M
RESEARCH TRAINING IN GERIATRIC MEDICINET32AG000212 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Alexander Keliimoeanu Smith · 1991 to 2026
$7.7M
Evaluating the Effectiveness of an Online Small-Group Self-Management Workshop for Rural Caregivers of Individuals with Alzheimer Disease and Related DementiasR01AG057855 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI YANK, VERONICA · 2018 to 2022
$3.9M
NIA NIH HHS P30 AG015272NIA NIH HHS P30 AG044281NIA NIH HHS R01 AG057855NIA NIH HHS T32 AG000212
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Dementia significantly impacts rural communities in the U.S., presenting unique challenges for family caregivers due to limited access to essential support services. This study examines the influence of area-level factors on the utilization of home- and community-based services among rural caregivers. Methods: Using Andersen's extended behavioral model of health services utilization, baseline data ( Results: About 65% of caregivers used at least one support service, with 52% utilizing home-based services and 52% community-based services. Caregivers in the most deprived rural areas were significantly less likely to use any support services (OR = 0.45; 95% CI [0.23, 0.89]) and community-based services (OR = 0.26; 95% CI [0.26, 0.86]) compared to those in the least deprived rural areas. No significant associations were found between Census region and any type of support service utilization. Conclusion: Service utilization differences within rural areas highlight the need for nuanced, area-specific interventions to enhance support service accessibility for caregivers in deprived rural areas, improving caregiving outcomes. Future research should further investigate area-level variations and their interactions with individual factors to better understand barriers faced by rural caregivers. Trial registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04428112, identifier NCT04428112.

Indexed as

CaregiversCommunity Health ServicesDementiaHome Care ServicesRural PopulationAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSurveys and QuestionnairesUnited Statesactivities of daily livingarea-level factorsneighborhood atlassocially connectedsocial network

Identifiers

PMID41164840
PMCPMC12558726

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.