ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2025
One year duration of immunity of a combination
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
Introduction: Canine infectious respiratory disease complex (CIRDC), widely known as kennel cough or infectious tracheobronchitis, is a highly contagious disease in dogs caused by multiple bacterial and viral pathogens. Two significant pathogens that contribute to CIRDC are Methods: To evaluate the efficacy of both fractions of this vaccine, duration of immunity studies were conducted in six- to eight-week-old beagles. In both studies, dogs were randomized into two treatment groups and vaccinated once by the oral route with either test vaccine or placebo vaccine. In the CPI study, dogs were challenged with virulent CPI one year after vaccination and observed daily for 14 days post-challenge. Nasal swabs were also collected daily for 10 days post-challenge to evaluate the shedding of the challenge virus. In the Results: The results from these studies demonstrated a significant reduction in nasal shedding of CPI (0.2 log Conclusion: Taken together, these studies demonstrated that oral vaccination with a combination vaccine containing
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