ReviewJournal of inflammation research2025
The Function of the TGFβ Signaling Pathway in Connective Tissue Diseases: From Biology to Clinical Application.
Review in Journal of inflammation research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Human biomarker navigator.iMeta · 2026Review
- Article
- Beyond inflammation: siRNA strategies for precision targeting in rheumatological disorders.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Margin of Error: The Emerging Role of Field Cancerization in Predicting Recurrence Risk of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Unveiling the immune microenvironment in diabetic nephropathy: from mechanisms to therapeutics.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Breaking the metabolo-immune cycle in primary biliary cholangitis for therapeutic benefit.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Connective tissue diseases (CTDs) are characterized by a diverse array of symptoms, including persistent inflammation, immune system dysfunction, and fibrosis. The transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) signaling pathway is crucial in fibrosis, dysregulated immune responses, and vascular injury associated with CTDs. TGFβ signaling facilitates the pathological progression of CTDs by modulating fibroblast activation, extracellular matrix accumulation, and immune cell activity. Based on a systematic search of PubMed and Web of Science, this narrative review reveals the dual role of TGFβ signaling in CTD pathogenesis and its therapeutic challenges. This review examines the mechanistic role of the TGFβ signaling pathway in various CTDs, such as systemic sclerosis (SSc), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and Sjögren's syndrome (SS). The review further examines the interplay between classical and non-classical pathways of the TGFβ signaling system and its implications in fibrosis and immunomodulation. The clinical applications of TGFβ as a potential therapeutic target are also discussed, with a special focus on treatment of ameliorating CTDs-associated fibrosis and immune abnormalities. These findings underscore the pivotal role of TGFβ signaling in fibrosis and immune regulation, highlighting opportunities for more precise and individualized therapeutic strategies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.