ArticleNature nanotechnology2025
A modular mRNA platform for programmable induction of tumour-specific immunogenic cell death.
Article in Nature nanotechnology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Lipid nanoparticles optimized for large RNA cargo and tissue targeting enhance in vivo genome editing.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- Targeted lipid nanoparticles unlock in vivo human haematopoietic stem cell gene editing.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Programming the immunological properties of mRNA vaccines for cancer.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- A "metabolic dual-clamp" strategy for glucose metabolism blockade and cascade-amplified tumor immunotherapy.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Messenger RNA (mRNA) therapeutics hold great promise for oncology but their efficacy is limited by systemic off-target effects and immunosuppressive tumour microenvironments. Here we present TITUR, a tumour-customizable mRNA nanomedicine platform that integrates tumour-customizable ionizable lipids (TIs) and tumour-specific untranslated regions (TURs) to enhance tumour-selective mRNA delivery and expression. This dual-engineered approach enables the precise intratumoural expression of 4HB, an immunogenic cell death-inducing protein, while mitigating systemic toxicities. Using murine models of immunologically cold tumours, including melanoma and triple-negative breast cancer, TITUR-mediated 4HB delivery induced tumour-specific immunogenic cell death, remodelled the tumour microenvironment and enhanced immune cell infiltration. When combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors, 4HB TITUR suppressed primary and metastatic tumour growth, while also exhibiting vaccine-like properties by reducing tumour recurrence and eliciting systemic antitumour immunity. Furthermore, it demonstrated a superior safety profile compared with conventional mRNA delivery methods. Our data indicate that TITUR may serve as a versatile approach to address the limitations of current immunotherapies and support the development of personalized mRNA nanomedicines.
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Registered trials
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