ArticleScientific reports2025
Chaos theory modeling improves olecranodiaphyseal angle prediction from proximal ulnar dorsal angulation in healthy elbows.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
To evaluate the relationship between Proximal Ulnar Dorsal Angulation (PUDA) and Olecranodiaphyseal Angle (ODA) in healthy elbows using both linear regression and advanced chaos theory approaches, analyzing the effects of age, sex, and side parameters. In this cross-sectional study, 295 healthy elbows (178 male, 117 female; 130 right, 165 left) were evaluated with standard radiographs. PUDA, Varus Angle (VA), and ODA measurements were performed by two independent observers. Linear regression analysis and chaos theory-based nonlinear modeling were used to establish mathematical relationships between PUDA and ODA. Phase space reconstruction, fractal dimension analysis, Lyapunov exponent calculation, and strange attractor identification were performed to characterize the underlying dynamical system. Linear analysis revealed an inverse relationship between PUDA and ODA (regression coefficient β = -0.340, significance level p < 0.001). However, chaos theory analysis uncovered complex nonlinear dynamics with a fractal attractor structure (correlation dimension D
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