Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41161838›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2025

Lessons learned from the promotion of Essential Emergency and Critical Care in Tanzania - a qualitative study.

Aneth Charles Kaliza, Linda B Mlunde, Carl Otto Schell, Karima Khalid, Hendry Sawe, Elibariki Mkumbo, Andrew Kigombola, Isihaka Mwandalima, Erasto Sylvanus, Said Kilindimo and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Aneth Charles KalizaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania kalizaanethmg@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-9635-0587
Linda B MlundeDepartment of Community Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Carl Otto SchellDepartment of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7904-1336
Karima KhalidDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Hendry SaweDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Elibariki MkumboDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Andrew KigombolaCIHEB Tanzania, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Isihaka MwandalimaUNICEF Tanzania, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Erasto SylvanusDepartment of Emergency and Clinical Care, United Republic of Tanzania Ministry of Health, Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Said KilindimoDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Edwin R LugaziaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Janeth Stanslaus MasumaWorld Health Organization Tanzania, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Tim BakerDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8727-7018

Funding

Wellcome TrustWorld Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo describe the lessons learnt during the promotion of a new approach to the care of critically ill patients in TanzaniaEssential Emergency and Critical Care (EECC).

designA descriptive qualitative study using thematic analysis of structured interviews. SETTING AND

participantsThe study was conducted in Tanzania, involving 11 policymakers, researchers and senior clinicians who participated in the promotion of EECC in the country.

findingsFive inter-related themes emerged from the promotion of EECC in Tanzania: (1) early and close collaboration with the government and stakeholders; (2) conduct research and use evidence; (3) prioritise advocacy and address misconceptions about EECC; (4) leverage events and embed activities in other health system interventions; and (5) employ a multifaceted implementation strategy. The themes map to the normalisation process theory domains of coherence, cognitive participation, collective action and reflexive monitoring.

conclusionThe integration of EECC into Tanzania's health policy is a result of a multidisciplinary collaboration including government and partners that has used evidence, advocacy and context and included multifaceted implementation strategies. The lessons from Tanzania's experience provide guidance for adoption in similar settings to improve critical care systems, foster access to care and optimal outcomes for all critically ill patients.

Indexed as

Critical CareCritical IllnessEmergency Medical ServicesHealth PolicyHumansInterviews as TopicQualitative ResearchTanzaniaEmergency Service, HospitalHealth ServicesPatients

Identifiers

PMID41161838
PMCPMC12574400

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.