Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41161488›Full record

ArticleJournal of advanced research2026

Supra-Carbon dots for methyl-paraoxon detection using a new controllable IFE-based method.

Mai Luo, Jihai Cai, Sijia Pu, Ting Wang, Sijia Wu, Mengwei Wang, Shuangpeng Wang, Songnan Qu, Liang Zou, Peng Li and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of advanced research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Mai LuoMacau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Quality of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China.
Jihai CaiMacau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Quality of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China.
Sijia PuMacau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Quality of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China.
Ting WangMacau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Quality of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China.
Sijia WuMacau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Quality of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China.
Mengwei WangInstitute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China.
Shuangpeng WangInstitute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China.
Songnan QuInstitute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China.
Liang ZouSchool of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.
Peng LiMacau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Quality of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China. Electronic address: pli1978@hotmail.com.
Jinchao WeiMacau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Quality of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China. Electronic address: wjc551@hotmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionPesticide residues pose a significant threat to human health. Inner filter effect (IFE) stands out for its ability to enable the rapid and cost-effective establishment of fluorescent detection systems. Nevertheless, the practical implementation is often hindered by issues such as low spectral overlap and interference from impurities, which can compromise its effectiveness.

objectivesTo develop novel AIEE-type CDs and apply them to improve the efficiency of IFE-based strategies. With the aid of AIEE-type CDs, we aim to develop a multi-channel detection platform that provides more reliable fluorescent probes for real samples and imaging applications.

methodsPreparation of N, S-CDs was achieved using a novel combination of sources. The activation mechanism of Supra-CDs' AIEE characteristics was verified. In the methodological experiments, detection performance of Supra-CDs was tested to confirm their improvement in the IFE-based strategy, practical applicability for real sample detection, and imaging capability.

resultsIn this work, p-PA and thiourea were used for the first time to prepare N, S-CDs. After adding water, the fluorescence intensity of Supra-CDs increased by nearly 360 % compared to N, S-CDs. Spectral overlap rates of the target and probe in the controllable IFE-based system improved from 1.80 % to 33.11 %, indicating superior analytical performance in aqueous solutions compared to ethanol. The fluorescent method exhibited a linear range of 0.5-100 μM, with a detection limit of 0.5 μM. Furthermore, a smartphone-based system has been proposed for the colorimetric analysis of methyl paraoxon, offering a more convenient and efficient alternative. Additionally, Supra-CD demonstrated exceptional capabilities in cell imaging, specifically targeting intracellular lipids within HepG2 cells.

conclusionThis study unveils a new type of Supra-CDs that exhibit AIEE property. It also introduces a creative fluorescent sensor with tunable IFE. In summary, this research delivers important insights into AIEE-type Supra-CDs and affirms their potential to inspire broader applications.

Indexed as

Carbon Quantum DotsCarbonFluorescenceFluorescent Chemosensor CompoundsFluorescent DyesHumansSpectrometry, FluorescenceCarbonFluorescent Chemosensor CompoundsFluorescent DyesAnalysisCarbon dotsFluorescenceImagingSensor

Identifiers

PMID41161488
PMCPMC13316551

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.