Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41160290›Full record

ArticleJournal of fluorescence2026

Molecular Engineering of Azulene-Core Based Efficient Hole-Transport Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells Following D-π-A Motif: A DFT Study.

Nabeel Shahzad, Rida Fatima, Zahra Anum Mahboob, Hanane Etabti, Shahzad Ali Shahid Chatha, Shahid Hussain, Javed Iqbal

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of fluorescence, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Nabeel ShahzadDepartment of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan. nabeelshahzad507@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-1978-1752
Rida FatimaDepartment of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4289-9125
Zahra Anum MahboobDepartment of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
Hanane EtabtiFaculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, LIMAS, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5509-8007
Shahzad Ali Shahid ChathaDepartment of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5913-2281
Shahid HussainDepartment of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
Javed IqbalDepartment of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan. Jiqbal@uob.edu.bh.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0598-8401

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Azulene-core-based hole-transporting materials (HTMs) are emerging as stable, efficient candidates for perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This study introduces five novel HTMs (AZU1-AZU5) featuring a donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) framework, combining an azulene core with dimethoxy triphenylamine (DMTPA) and modified acceptor groups. Quantum chemical approach using density functional theory and time-dependent DFT revealed that these materials possess well-aligned HOMO energy levels (-5.25 to -5.32 eV), reduced exciton binding energies (0.10 to 0.20 eV), and strong absorption in the visible region (λ

Indexed as

Azulene coreDFT approachHole-transporting materialsPerovskite solar cells

Identifiers

PMID41160290

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.