ArticleDiseases of the colon and rectum2026
Stoma-Free Intersphincteric Resection in Low Rectal Cancer Without Radiotherapy: A Prospective Cohort Study on Safety and Recovery.
Article in Diseases of the colon and rectum, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundAlthough defunctioning stoma creation is routine during intersphincteric resection for low rectal cancer, it has significant complication risks and necessitates reoperation for closure. Defunctioning stoma omission in intersphincteric resection could avoid these complications; however, its feasibility remains unproven.
objectiveThis study aims to compare the incidence of grade C anastomotic leakage and evaluate postoperative complications and the economic impact of stoma-free versus defunctioning stoma-intersphincteric resection procedures.
designA prospective nonrandomized cohort design.
settingThis study was conducted at a single tertiary referral center. PATIENTS: Patients diagnosed with low rectal cancer and scheduled for intersphincteric resection from 2023 to 2025 were recruited; those who received neoadjuvant radiotherapy were excluded. The cohort was stratified by stoma-free versus defunctioning stoma, which was dependent on the patient decision.
main outcome measuresGrade C anastomotic leakage.
resultsA total of 101 patients were enrolled in this study, comprising 79 and 22 patients in the stoma-free and defunctioning stoma cohorts, respectively. Baseline demographic characteristics, tumor profiles, and preoperative comorbidities showed no statistically significant intergroup differences. Intraoperative parameters, including lymph node yield (13.00 [interquartile range 10.00-17.00] vs 14.50 [interquartile range 10.75-17.00], p = 0.59) and intraoperative blood loss (20.00 [interquartile range 20.00-50.00] vs 30.00 [interquartile range 20.00-50.00] mL, p = 0.10), were similar. Within 30 days, safety outcomes were comparable: grade C anastomotic leakage (1.3% vs 4.5%, p = 0.39) and overall complications (Clavien-Dindo I-IV, p = 0.46). Notably, the stoma-free group had shorter hospital stays (5 days [interquartile range 4-6] vs 6 days [interquartile range 5-9], p = 0.004) and lower hospitalization costs (CNY 29,598 [interquartile range 26,803-33,863] vs CNY 49,734 [interquartile range 36,731-65,018], p < 0.001). LIMITATIONS: This study was conducted at a single tertiary referral center with a limited patient population.
conclusionsUnder standardized perioperative protocols, stoma-free intersphincteric resection surgery exhibits comparable grade C leak rates to defunctioning stoma procedures, along with lower medical costs in patients with low rectal cancer who do not undergo neoadjuvant radiotherapy. See Video Abstract. RESECCIN INTERSFINTERIANA SIN ESTOMA EN CNCER RECTAL BAJO SIN RADIOTERAPIA ESTUDIO PROSPECTIVO DE COHORTE SOBRE SEGURIDAD Y RECUPERACIN: ANTECEDENTES:Aunque la creación de un estoma no funcional es una práctica habitual durante la resección interesfinteriana para el cáncer rectal bajo, conlleva riesgos significativos de complicaciones y requiere una nueva intervención quirúrgica para su cierre. La omisión del estoma no funcional en la resección interesfinteriana podría evitar estas complicaciones; sin embargo, su viabilidad aún no se ha demostrado.OBJETIVO:El objetivo de este estudio es comparar la fuga anastomótica de grado C y, en segundo lugar, evaluar las complicaciones posoperatorias y el impacto económico de los procedimientos de resección interesfinteriana con estoma sin función frente a los procedimientos de resección interesfinteriana con estoma sin función.DISEÑO:Diseño de cohorte prospectivo no aleatorizado.ENTORNO:Este estudio se llevó a cabo en un único centro terciario de referencia.PACIENTES:Se reclutó a pacientes diagnosticados con cáncer rectal bajo, programados para una resección interesfinteriana entre 2023 y 2025, excluyendo a aquellos que recibieron radioterapia neoadyuvante. La cohorte se estratificó en función de la ausencia de estoma frente a la disfunción del estoma, lo que dependía de la decisión del paciente.PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADO:Fuga anastomótica de grado C.RESULTADOS:Se inscribieron en este estudio un total de 101 pacientes, con 79 y 22 pacientes en las cohortes sin estoma y con estoma desfuncionado, respectivamente. Las características demográficas basales, los perfiles tumorales y las comorbilidades preoperatorias no mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos. Los parámetros intraoperatorios, incluyendo el rendimiento de los ganglios linfáticos [13,00 (IQR 10,00-17,00) frente a 14,50 (IQR 10,75-17,00), p = 0,59] y la pérdida de sangre intraoperatoria [20,00 (IQR 20,00-50,00) frente a 30,00 (IQR 20,00-50,00) ml, p = 0,10], fueron similares. En un plazo de 30 días, los resultados de seguridad fueron comparables: fuga anastomótica de grado C (1,3 % frente a 4,5 %, p = 0,39) y complicaciones generales (Clavien-Dindo I-IV, p = 0,46). Cabe destacar que el grupo sin estoma tuvo estancias hospitalarias más cortas (5 días [IQR 4-6] frente a 6 días [IQR 5-9], p = 0,004) y menores costes de hospitalización (29 598 CNY [IQR 26 803-33 863] frente a 49 734 CNY [IQR 36 731-65 018], p < 0,001).LIMITACIONES:Este estudio se llevó a cabo en un único centro terciario de referencia con una población de pacientes limitada.CONCLUSIONES:Bajo protocolos perioperatorios estandarizados, la cirugía de resección intersfinteriana sin estoma presenta tasas de fuga de grado C comparables a las de los procedimientos de estoma de desfuncionamiento, junto con menores costes médicos en pacientes con cáncer rectal bajo sin radioterapia neoadyuvante. ( AI-generated translation ).
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