Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41159072›Full record

ArticleRSC advances2025

Citric acid cross-linked honey and aloe vera gel loaded chitosan hydrogels for wound dressing applications.

Sohail Shahzad, Ghulam Ghouse, Muhammad Zubair, Asma Yaqoob, Maria Mujahid, Faiz Ahmed, Zahid Rauf, Aman Ullah

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in RSC advances, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sohail ShahzadDepartment of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal Sahiwal 57000 Pakistan drsohail@uosahiwal.edu.pk.
Ghulam GhouseDepartment of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal Sahiwal 57000 Pakistan drsohail@uosahiwal.edu.pk.
Muhammad ZubairLipids/Materials Chemistry Group (LMCG), Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science (AFNS), University of Alberta Edmonton AB T6G 2P5 Canada ullah2@ualberta.ca.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3889-9977
Asma YaqoobInstitute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Pakistan.
Maria MujahidDepartment of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal Sahiwal 57000 Pakistan drsohail@uosahiwal.edu.pk.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2585-7086
Faiz AhmedDepartment of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad Faisalabad 37000 Pakistan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9349-0525
Zahid RaufPakistan Forest Institute (PFI) Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 25130 Pakistan.
Aman UllahLipids/Materials Chemistry Group (LMCG), Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science (AFNS), University of Alberta Edmonton AB T6G 2P5 Canada ullah2@ualberta.ca.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1801-0162

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chronic wounds pose a global challenge, often requiring the use of multifunctional materials that facilitate healing while protecting against infection. The present study develops porous, biodegradable and antibacterial composite hydrogels from chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) incorporating honey and aloe vera gel as antimicrobial agents for healing chronic wounds. Hydrogels were prepared by freeze gelation methodology, and further crosslinked with citric acid. FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of characteristic functional groups and showed a reduction in the peak intensities of O-H, N-H, and amide bands in crosslinked hydrogels. Scanning electron micrographs illustrated the clear morphological changes; citric acid crosslinked hydrogels (GG-05, GG-06, GG-08) exhibited more porous, sponge-like structures, with GG-08 achieving the highest porosity, having an average pore size of 21.28 μm. The hydrogel GG-08 demonstrated the greatest water retention capacity, reaching up to 218%, while GG-04 showed the highest degradation of 93% ± 3. The developed hydrogels exhibited better antibacterial properties, especially GG-03, GG-04, GG-07 and GG-08 had excellent activity against Gram-positive

Identifiers

PMID41159072
PMCPMC12557328

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.