ArticleERJ open research2025
Multistate modelling of baseline lung allograft dysfunction in lung transplant recipients.
Article in ERJ open research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Lung transplantation in 2025: a narrative review of progress, challenges, and the road ahead.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Review
- Mapping acute lung allograft dysfunction of unknown cause after lung transplantation: Insights from clinical and radiological patterns.JHLT open · 2026Article
- Pleural Effusions Requiring Thoracocentesis Are Associated With Baseline Lung Allograft Dysfunction and Mortality in Lung Transplant Recipients.Clinical transplantation · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Baseline lung allograft dysfunction (BLAD) is characterised by the failure to achieve normal baseline lung function after lung transplantation (LTX), affecting over a third of LTX recipients and conveying significant mortality. While previous studies identified BLAD as a risk factor for mortality, evolution, transitions and risk factors influencing transitions from BLAD to normal lung function or death/retransplantation remain unknown. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 472 LTX recipients transplanted between 2010 and 2018, using a Markov multistate model to characterise lung function evolution. The model investigated transitions between "indeterminate", "BLAD", "normal baseline lung function" and "death/retransplantation" states. We modelled state transitions, association of BLAD with mortality, and risk factors influencing transitions and mortality through respective states. Results: Our study confirms a higher mortality risk for BLAD, particularly in single LTX (SLTX) compared to double LTX (DLTX) recipients. DLTX recipients with obstructive underlying disease were more likely to recover from BLAD (hazard ratio (HR) 3.1) but faced higher mortality if remaining in BLAD (HR 2.6). Chronic lung allograft dysfunction had a strong association with mortality in patients with normal baseline lung function (HR 5.1) but also to a lesser extent in BLAD patients (HR 1.8). Longitudinal analysis demonstrated that DLTX recipients often recover from BLAD, while SLTX recipients rarely achieve normal lung function if starting in BLAD. Conclusions: Our study highlights differences in lung function evolution between SLTX and DLTX recipients and investigates for the first time prevalence and risk factors for transitions between BLAD and non-BLAD states, as well as risk factors influencing BLAD-related mortality in LTX recipients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.