ArticleThe Lancet regional health. Europe2025
Cardioprotective glucose-lowering drugs, statins, and risk of first-time atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in Denmark: a nationwide cohort study.
Article in The Lancet regional health. Europe, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: We hypothesized that combining cardioprotective glucose-lowering drugs, i.e. sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, and statins is associated with lower risk of first-time atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) than using either drug alone. Methods: We identified and followed individuals in Denmark with type 2 diabetes and without preexisting ASCVD from 2012 to 2021. In an active comparator design, individuals initiating a cardioprotective glucose-lowering drug or a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor ± statin were compared: i) dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (N = 12,298/59,795; 21%), ii) cardioprotective glucose-lowering drug (N = 16,357/59,795; 27%), iii) dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor plus statin (N = 14,823/59,795; 25%), and iv) cardioprotective glucose-lowering drug plus statin (N = 16,317/59,795; 27%). Also, in a time-varying design with annually updated covariates we compared: i) no cardioprotective drug (N = 113,669/277,747; 41%), ii) cardioprotective glucose-lowering drug (N = 12,225/277,747; 4%), iii) statin (138,405/277,747; 50%), and iv) cardioprotective glucose-lowering drug plus statin (N = 13,448/277,747; 5%). The primary outcome was ASCVD (myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, stroke, peripheral arterial disease, or coronary death). Findings: In the active comparator and time-varying cohorts during mean follow-ups of 3.2 and 5.9 years, 2546/59,795 (4%) and 28,044/277,747 (10%) developed ASCVD. In the active comparator cohort, multivariable adjusted hazard ratios of ASCVD were 0.87 (95% confidence interval: 0.76-0.98) for cardioprotective glucose-lowering drug, 0.69 (0.63-0.77) for statin, and 0.64 (0.56-0.73) for combined treatment compared with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor. Corresponding values in the time-varying cohort were 0.94 (0.89-1.01), 0.70 (0.68-0.72), and 0.67 (0.64-0.70), respectively. Interpretation: In individuals with type 2 diabetes without preexisting ASCVD, statin was associated with substantially lower risk of ASCVD than cardioprotective glucose-lowering drug, while combination of the two drug classes was associated with similar ASCVD risk as statin alone. Funding: Danish Cardiovascular Academy and Danish Heart Foundation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.