ArticleInternational journal of ophthalmology2025
Layer-by-layer tear film measurement in patients with dry eye and meibomian gland dysfunction.
Article in International journal of ophthalmology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Effects of Intraocular Pressure-Lowering Drops on the Tear Film Assessed by a Novel High-Resolution Tear Film Imager.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Tear Film Alterations in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimTo evaluate parameters measured using the tear film imager (TFI) prototype, a new technology that enables to quantify the tear film thickness of lipid and mucoaqueous layers.
methodsIn this cross-sectional study, patients with dry eye, meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), and non-dry eye/MGD from February 2020 to January 2021 were analyzed. Quantified TFI outputs included lipid layer thickness (LLT), mucoaqueous layer thickness (MALT), MALT rate of change (MALTR), and lipid breakup time. Two other interferometry devices, LipiView2 and DR-1α, were used for comparison. TFI outputs and other clinical parameters were analyzed using correlation coefficients. Each patient underwent one or several study visits. Baseline values of three device outputs, other clinical parameters, and their changes were examined.
resultsThis study involved 28 patients (8 patients with dry eyes, 13 with MGD, and 7 with non-dry eye/MGD). Baseline TFI, LipiView2, and DR-1α values were associated with various clinical parameters. The LLT values estimated using TFI had a correlation with the plugging score in the upper eyelid (
conclusionTFI enabled to quantify the LLT and MALT separately over time and shows the moderate correlations between TFI measurements and clinical parameters, which yields the potential for TFI to serve as a complementary tool for assessing dry eye and MGD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.