ArticleJournal of dental education2026
The Effect of 3D Printed Models on the Ability of Dental Students to Locate the Second Mesiobuccal Canal in Maxillary First Molars.
Article in Journal of dental education, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectivesEndodontic treatment is one of the final options aimed at preserving a tooth before extraction. The complex root canal anatomy of maxillary first molars (MFMs), particularly the detection of the second canal located in the mesiobuccal root, presents a significant clinical challenge. This study evaluates the influence of 3D-printed MFM models on the ability of dental students to identify the second mesiobuccal (MB2) canal.
methodsA total of 50 dental students who had completed their preclinical endodontic training were included in the study. In the first phase, standardized 3D printed models (3DPMs) were given to the students, who were then instructed to perform access cavity preparations and locate the root canals. Subsequently, a theoretical lecture on the morphology of the MB2 canal was delivered using digital 3D visualizations, supported by an enlarged 3DPM magnified fivefold. Following the theoretical training, the same procedure was repeated using new models. Participants' feedback was collected through a five-point Likert scale questionnaire.
resultsPrior to the training, only one student was able to accurately identify the MB2 canal; however, this number increased significantly following the educational intervention (p < 0.001). A total of 96% of the participants reported that the 3DPM were effective in distinguishing canal locations, and 100% indicated that the models contributed educationally to their understanding of endodontic anatomy.
conclusionEducational materials based on 3D printing technology enhance the effectiveness of preclinical endodontic training and improve students' ability to perceive and identify complex root canal anatomies.
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