Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41154961›Full record

Observational studyInternational journal of environmental research and public health2025

A Multi-Site Observational Evaluation of the Equine Assisted Growth and Learning Association Model of Equine-Assisted Psychotherapy for Veteran Trauma Survivors.

Halina Kowalski, Hannah Van Buiten, Patricia Hopkins, Connie Baldwin, Elena Nazarenko, William R Marchand

Abstract readObservational StudyMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Halina KowalskiIndependent Researcher, Bend, OR 97702, USA.
Hannah Van BuitenIndependent Researcher, Kailua, HI 96734, USA.
Patricia HopkinsPsychology Department, Augsburg University, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.
Connie BaldwinEquine Assisted Growth and Learning Association, Woodinville, WA 98072, USA.
Elena NazarenkoWhole Health Service, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA.
William R MarchandWhole Health Service, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0631-867X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and preliminary outcomes of the Equine Assisted Growth and Learning Association (Eagala) model of equine-assisted psychotherapy for active-duty military and veteran trauma survivors. This was a retrospective multi-site observational study. Study participants completed four psychological instruments pre- and post-intervention. These were the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5, the Patient Health Questionnaire, the Satisfaction with Life Scale and the Sheehan Disability Scale. The Client Satisfaction Questionnaire-8 was also completed post-intervention. Paired-sample

Indexed as

Equine-Assisted TherapyPsychotherapyStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticVeteransAdultAgedAnimalsFemaleHorsesHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesYoung Adultcomplementary and integrative interventionsEagalaEquine Assisted Growth and Learning Associationequine-assisted psychotherapyequine-assisted servicesmilitarypsychotherapy incorporating horsesPTSDtraumaveterans

Identifiers

PMID41154961
PMCPMC12564326

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.